Rotated object detection in aerial images is a meaningful yet challenging task as objects are densely arranged and have arbitrary orientations. The eight-parameter (coordinates of box vectors) methods rotated usually use ln-norm losses (L1 loss, L2 smooth L1 loss) loss functions. As mainly based on non-scale-invariant Minkowski distance, using will lead to inconsistency with the metric rotation...

A diverse group of coral reef organisms, representing several phyla, possess fluorescent pigments. We investigated the potential of using the characteristic fluorescence emission spectra of these pigments to enable unsupervised, optical classification of coral reef habitats. We compiled a library of characteristic fluorescence spectra through in situ and laboratory measurements from a variety o...

The accurate quantitative maturity detection of fresh Lycium barbarum L. (L. barbarum) fruit is the key to determine whether are suitable for harvesting or not and can also be helpful improve quality post-harvest processing. To achieve this goal, abnormal samples were eliminated by Mahalanobis Distance (MD), nine components (i.e., R, G, B, H, S, V, L, a, b) ripe fruit, half-ripe unripe extracte...

The Mahalanobis-Taguchi System (MTS) is a relatively new collection of methods proposed for diagnosis and forecasting using multivariate data. It consists of two main parts: Part 1, the selection of useful variables in order to reduce the complexity of multi-dimensional systems and part 2, diagnosis and prediction, which are used to predict the abnormal group according to the remaining us...