Immunity to infections with measles virus (MV) can involve vigorous human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I-restricted CD8(+) cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses. MV, albeit regarded monotypic, is known to undergo molecular evolution across its RNA genome. To address which regions of the MV proteome are eligible for recognition by CD8(+) CTLs and how different HLA class I loci contribute to the epit...

Recently, many e-voting systems have been proposed for successful election. It should be satisfied many requirements for successful e-voting. In this paper, we propose the ballot-cancellation scheme in order to manage invalid ballots. Many proposed e-voting systems have been proposed without considering invalid ballots. It can be happened an invalid ballot during e-voting, and then we should co...

We describe information security requirements for a secure and functional Internet voting scheme. Then we present the voting scheme with multiple parties; this voting scheme satisfies all these security requirements. In this scheme, the voter gets a signed key from the registrar, where the registrar signs the key as blinded. The voter uses this signed key during the voting period. All other par...

Many electronic voting protocols assume the voter votes with some computing device. This raises the question whether a voter can trust the device he is using. Three years ago, Chaum, and independently Neff, proposed what we call bare-handed electronic voting, where voters do not need any computational power in the voting booth. Their protocols have a strong unforgeability guarantee. The price f...

We study reforms of nonlinear income tax systems from a political economy perspective. present median voter theorem for monotonic reforms, so that the change in burden is function income. also provide an empirical analysis with focus on United States. show past have, by and large, been monotonic. support was aligned majority population. Finally, we develop sufficient statistics enable to test w...

We review probabilistic models known as majority dynamics (also threshold voter models) and discuss their possible applications for achieving consensus in cryptocurrency systems. In particular, we show that using this approach a straightforward way practical Byzantine setting can be problematic requires extensive further research. then the Fast Probabilistic Consensus (FPC) protocol (Popov Buch...

In this paper we introduce harmonic analysis (Fourier series) as a tool for characterizing the existence of Nash equilibria in two-dimensional spatial majority rule voting games with large electorates. We apply our methods both to traditional proximity models and to directional models. In the latter voters exhibit preferences over directions rather than over alternatives, per se. A directional ...

1. The Andre'ev (1987) bound: explicit function with size f = ˜ Ω(n 5 2) 2. The relationship between formula size and circuit depth, and how to accomplish " depth reduction " for a general circuit 3. Monotone formulas for monotone functions (example: monotone formula for the majority function MAJ)

Let X be a linearly ordered set of arbitrary size (finite or infinite). Natural functions on such a set one can define using the linear order include maximum, minimum and median functions. While it is clear what the clone generated by the maximum or the minimum looks like, this is not obvious for median functions. We show that every clone on X contains either no median function or all median fu...

In the context of spatial majority voting games, considerable experimental support exists for the core as a solution hypothesis when it is not empty (Berl et al., 1976; Fiorina and Plott, 1978; Isaacs and Plott, 1978). Specifically, these experiments show that if a simple majority voting game possesses a Core point-a point that cannot be defeated by a majority vote-subjects choose outcomes at o...