UNLABELLED Leptin is a peptidic hormone secreted by the fat tissue and plays an important role in body weight regulation. After menopause, weight gain increases as well as android-like obesity. Previous studies suggest a relationship between leptin level, body mass index (BMI) and fat distribution. OBJECTIVE To establish the relationships between serum leptin, BMI, waist circumference (WC), a...

Coprophagy is a common and undesirable behavior among domestic canines. Data from this study show that 49% of domestic dogs have attempted to eat feces at some point in time and that 28% of dogs are currently coprophagic. Many dog owners are disgusted by this behavior and will go to great lengths to find a treatment for it. Some alter each fecal deposit with hot sauce or other aversive substanc...

BACKGROUND Growth retardation, delayed puberty and malnutrition are frequently observed in children suffering from cystic fibrosis. AIM The aim of this study was to estimate growth and nutritional status in children with cystic fibrosis on the basis of body proportions and body mass index. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Anthropometric data were collected from the medical histories of 62 patients trea...

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and epidemiological features of children with visceral leishmaniasis admitted to a pediatric referral hospital, and to describe treatment measures and the case fatality rate. METHODS Retrospective analysis of biological, demographic, clinical and laboratory data from children with visceral leishmaniasis admitted to Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco (R...

This paper examines the prevalence and socio-economic correlates of malnutrition among ever married non-pregnant women of reproductive age of Bangladesh using a nationally representative weighted sample of 10,145. Body mass index was used to measure nutritional status. Both bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses were employed to assess the relationship between socio-economic characteri...

History and Epidemiology Historically, noma is a disease of extreme poverty and malnourishment, reported throughout history in Asia, Europe, South America, and Africa [1,3,4]. It was described by Hippocrates [5] and found in German and Japanese concentration camps during World War II [1,6]. Infection occurs mostly in children, although it has been described in neonates, adults, and the chronica...

Low levels of vitamin B12 have been associated with several clinical conditions. However no single symptom or group of symptoms can be made responsible. Reported causes of deficiency among older population are hematologic or neurological, followed by gastrointestinal and possibly vascular symptoms. The present prospective observational study was, hence, nitiated to evaluate the underlying clini...

Newborn cystic fibrosis (CF) screening facilitates early diagnosis and nutritional intervention, which prevents malnourishment and improves growth in childhood. To provide baseline information on the natural history of CF in the Republic of Ireland, where newborn screening has not yet been introduced and CF incidence is high (1:1353 live births), we examined the effect of presentation mode, sym...

PURPOSE The presence of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer and its treatment might aggravate patient nutritional status. Malnutrition is one of the major factors affecting the postoperative course. We evaluated changes in perioperative nutritional status and risk factors of postoperative severe malnutrition in the GI cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nutritional status was prospectively evalua...

BACKGROUND There are an estimated 200,000 to 400,000 cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) annually. A variety of factors are taken into account when considering the best therapeutic options to cure a patient and reduce the risk of resistance, including geographical area, malnourishment and HIV coinfection. Pooled analyses combine data from many studies to answer specific scientific questions th...