Plant processes resulting from primary or secondary metabolism have been hypothesized to contribute to defense against microbial attack. Barley chorismate synthase (HvCS), anthranilate synthase alpha subunit 2 (HvASa2), and chorismate mutase 1 (HvCM1) occupy pivotal branch points downstream of the shikimate pathway leading to the synthesis of aromatic amino acids. Here, we provide functional ev...

pathogenicity of 4 isolates of erysiphe betae from 4 different geographical zones of iran on 5 genotypes of beet, with different levels of resistance to powdery mildew, was investigated. eight-week old plants were inoculated by conidia from 4 isolates separately. indices for infection were estimation of leaf infection and number of produced conidia on the leaf surface 3 weeks after inoculation....

Specific syntaxins, such as Arabidopsis AtPEN1 and its barley ortholog ROR2, play a major role in plant defense against powdery mildews. Indeed, the impairment of these genes results in increased fungal penetration in both host and non-host interactions. In this study, a genome-wide survey allowed the identification of 21 tomato syntaxins. Two of them, named SlPEN1a and SlPEN1b, are closely rel...

ABSTRACT A number of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics were used to ascertain the identity and diversity of Pseudozyma flocculosa, a natural antagonist of powdery mildews that has received little attention in terms of taxonomy. To this end, several putative isolates of P. flocculosa as well as several closely related species were analyzed. Ribosomal DNA sequences distinguished P. floccul...

Powdery mildew is one of the most devastating diseases in cucurbits. Crop yield can decline as the disease severity increases. In this study, we evaluated the effect of silver nanoparticles against powdery mildew under different cultivation conditions in vitro and in vivo . Silver nanoparticles (WA-CV-WA13B) at various concentrations were applied before and after disease outbreak in plants to d...

Powdery mildew fungi are parasites that cause disease on a wide range of important crops. Plant resistance (R) genes, which induce host defences against powdery mildews, encode proteins that recognise avirulence (AVR) molecules from the parasite in a gene-for-gene manner. To gain insight into how virulence evolves in Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei, associations between segregating AVR genes wer...

Wheat is one of the most widely grown cereal crops in the world and is an important food grain source for humans. However, wheat yields can be reduced by many abiotic and biotic stress factors, including powdery mildew disease caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (Bgt). Generating resistant varieties is thus a major effort in plant breeding. Here, we took advantage of the non-transgenic Ta...