In their seminal work on characterizing the manifest probabilities of latent trait models, Cressie and Holland give a theoretically important characterization of the marginal Rasch model. Because their representation of the marginal Rasch model does not involve any latent trait, nor any specific distribution of a latent trait, it opens up the possibility for constructing a Markov chain - Monte ...

due to contiguous city of ravar with lut and dasht-e kavir desert, and weather conditions, water is one of the rarest agricultural inputs in this city. pistachio allocates 90% of garden and 73% of agricultural lands of the city and it is the most important agricultural product in this region. a major source of agricultural water supply in this area is groundwater. low price of water on one side...

For decades, economists have used the hedonic model to estimate demands for the implicit characteristics of differentiated commodities. The traditional cross-sectional approach can recover marginal willingness to pay for characteristics, but has faltered over a difficult endogeneity problem for non-marginal welfare measures. I show that when marginal prices can be reliably estimated, and when p...

In multi-unit auctions, such as auctions of commodities and securities, and financial exchanges, it is necessary to specify rationing rules to break ties between multiple marginal bids. The standard approach in the literature and in pratice is to ration marginal bids proportionally. This paper shows how bidding can be made more competitive if the rationing rule instead gives increasing priority...

Selecting between competing statistical models is a challenging problem especially when the competing models are non-nested. In this paper we offer a simple solution by devising an algorithm which combines MCMC and importance sampling to obtain computationally efficient estimates of the marginal likelihood which can then be used to compare the models. The algorithm is successfully applied to a ...

We develop a calculable analytic approach to marginal deformations in open string field theory using wedge states with operator insertions. For marginal operators with regular operator products, we construct analytic solutions to all orders in the deformation parameter. In particular, we construct an exact time-dependent solution that describes D-brane decay and incorporates all α′ corrections....

Longitudinal discriminant analysis (LoDA) can be used to classify patients into prognostic groups based on their clinical history, which often involves longitudinal measurements of various clinically relevant markers. Patients' longitudinal data is first modelled using multivariate generalised linear mixed models, allowing markers of different types (e.g. continuous, binary, counts) to be model...