AIMS To investigate the importance of a maternal and paternal family history of Type 2 diabetes and their combined association with plasma leptin and adiponectin levels in overweight Latino children with a family history of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS This cross-sectional study investigated the combined association of a maternal and paternal family history of T2DM with leptin and adiponec...

The human placenta is crucial for prenatal development and good pregnancy outcome. Maternal diabetic disorder influences normal intrauterine of individual expresses itself in the placenta. Due to progress diagnostic methods metabolic compensation macroscopic signs associated with maternal diabetes, e.g., placentomegaly, occur nowadays rarely. In microscopic picture there are no structural diffe...

AIMS To examine perinatal risk factors for the onset of Type 1 diabetes before 6 years of age, in a 2000-2005 Australian birth cohort. METHODS Data from longitudinally linked delivery and hospital admission records (until June 2007) were analysed. Diabetes in mothers and children was identified from International Classification of Diseases 10 diagnosis codes in the hospital records. RESULTS...

BACKGROUND The incidence of type 2 diabetes in pregnancy is rising and rates of serious adverse maternal and fetal outcomes remain high. Metformin is a biguanide that is used as first-line treatment for non-pregnant patients with type 2 diabetes. We hypothesize that metformin use in pregnancy, as an adjunct to insulin, will decrease adverse outcomes by reducing maternal hyperglycemia, maternal ...

Spontaneous fetal movement in the last third of human gestation is dominated by irregular oscillations on a scale of minutes (cyclic motility, CM). The core properties of these oscillations are stable during the third trimester of gestation in normal fetuses, but disrupted by poorly controlled maternal diabetes. Here we investigated whether fetal CM is linked to short-term instabilities in mate...

background: external genital anomalies are the most common congenital disorders in male infants with unknown etiology in the majority of cases. according to recent reports, incidence rate of these anomalies is rising in different countries. this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of external genital anomalies and possible underlying factors in male newborns. methods: this cross-sectional st...

During pregnancy, maternal pancreatic islets grow to match dynamic physiological demands, but the mechanisms regulating adaptive islet growth in this setting are poorly understood. Here we show that menin, a protein previously characterized as an endocrine tumor suppressor and transcriptional regulator, controls islet growth in pregnant mice. Pregnancy stimulated proliferation of maternal pancr...

Controlling the related factors implicated in development of GDM may help to mitigate sharp rise prevalence and its detrimental effects on maternal newborn problems. Maternal age (over 30 years), prior history gestational diabetes, increased BMI, family parity, belonging an ethnic group with a high correlation birth large baby are key GDM. Aim: The main goal is determine frequency diabetes mell...

BACKGROUND The maternal variables that affect fetal development and correlate with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the most common gastrointestinal emergency in premature infants, are not well defined. We hypothesized that maternal risk factors were the primary determinant of future development of NEC. METHODS Patients with NEC were identified from an established NICU database and were contr...

Maternal diabetes is known to cause neural tube defects (NTDs) in embryos and neuropsychological deficits in infants. Several metabolic pathways and a plethora of genes have been identified to be deregulated in developing brain of embryos by maternal diabetes, although the exact mechanism remains unknown. Recently, miRNAs have been shown to regulate genes involved in brain development and matur...