BACKGROUND In both Europe and the US, resident physician work hour reduction has been a source of controversy within academic medicine. In 2008, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommended a reduction in resident physician work hours. We sought to assess the American public perspective on this issue. METHODS We conducted a national survey of 1,200 representative members of the public via rand...

The aim of this study was to investigate whether night work is related to breast cancer receptor status. The effect of night work on the risk of estrogen receptor– and progesterone receptor–defined breast cancers was evaluated in 513 nurses diagnosed with breast cancer between 1996 and 2007 and in 757 frequency-matched controls, all of whom were selected from a cohort of Norwegian nurses. Odds ...

The aim of this study was to investigate whether night work is related to breast cancer receptor status. The effect of night work on the risk of estrogen receptor- and progesterone receptor-defined breast cancers was evaluated in 513 nurses diagnosed with breast cancer between 1996 and 2007 and in 757 frequency-matched controls, all of whom were selected from a cohort of Norwegian nurses. Odds ...

This paper presents the procedure for the construction and selection of mixed sampling plan (MSP) using Intervened Random effect Poisson Distribution (IRPD) as a baseline distribution. The plans are constructed through limiting quality level (LQL) and maximum allowable percent defective (MAPD) having the single sampling plan as attribute plan,. Tables are constructed for easy selection of the p...

This final rule implements the provisions of the Defense Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 1991, Public Law 101-511, section 8012, which limits increases in maximum allowable payments to physicians and other individual health care providers and authorizes reductions in such amounts for overpriced procedures.

Household laundry as a new end use of recycled water in dual reticulation systems has a great potential as the significant amount of potable water from urban households can be saved. However, there is still no sufficient evidence and supporting recycled water quality guidelines for this particular use. A key gap in knowledge is the impact of heavy metals in recycled water on clothes and washing...

Coal ash from power stations has long been used successfully in the cement industry as binders in several Portland formulations. This is not the case for municipal solid waste (MSW) ash as chloride concentrations, ranging from 10 to 200 g kg(-1) dry weight in the bottom and fly ash, respectively, exceed the maximum allowable concentration in most cement mixtures. To reduce chloride content in M...

Two approaches are distinguished in modern ecological monitoring. The first one is physicochemical analysis of environmental objects with respect to maximum allowable concentrations (MACs) of chemical substances, which is performed by standards methods in accordance with state regulations. The second approach (biological monitoring) is based on the methodology of biotesting and bio indication. ...

Our current understanding of the absorption and emission properties of interstellar grains are reviewed. The constraints placed by the Kramers-Kronig relation on the wavelength-dependence and the maximum allowable quantity of the dust absorption are discussed. Comparisons of the opacities (mass absorption coefficients) derived from interstellar dust models with those directly estimated from obs...

In this paper a detailed analysis for how the number of flip-flops and latches inserted are effecting BER and repeater size with wire pipelining is performed. Since number of flip-flops, latches and repeater sizes cannot scaled down beyond a certain limit due to the solidity requirement, which is determined by maximum allowable bit error rate.