In this paper, we study the sensitivity of uplink and downlink MC-DS-CDMA to carrier frequency offsets, assuming orthogonal spreading sequences. For both uplink and downlink MC-DS-CDMA, we show that the performance rapidly degrades for an increasing ratio of maximum frequency offset to carrier spacing. We point out that the degradation in the uplink is larger than in the downlink, because only ...

in conventional cultivation of sugar beet the weeding and crust breaking are mostly performed manually. the objectives of this research were to design, fabricate and evaluate a soil crust breaker and weeding implement equipped with a detecting sensor. each unit consisted of a distance detecting sensor and a hydro-motor for driving the blades and pneumatic valves for moving the blades. the hydro...

This paper aims at defining an optimal statistical model for the COVID-19 distribution in United Kingdom, and Canada. A combining inverted Topp–Leone odd Weibull family introduces a new lifetime with three-parameter to formulate (OWITL) distribution. As simple linear representation, hazard rate function, moment this has several nice properties. To estimate unknown parameters of OWITL distributi...

A field trial was conducted at the research farm of RRL, Jorhat during 1995 and 1996 to study the performance of Mentha Piperita under varying dates of planting and row spacings, maximum herbage and oil yield were obtained from January plants crops. Yield deceased when planting was delayed planting at a closer row spacing of 45 cm recorded the maximum herbage yield of 61'92 q/a while the yield ...

In this article a generalization of the inverse Rayleigh distribution has been addressed by using DUS transformation, named as Exponential Transformed Inverse (ETIR) distribution. Some statistical properties newly proposed like mode, quantiles, moment, moment generating function, survival and hazard rate function have studied comprehensively. To estimate parameter distribution, four different e...

the optimum road spacing has been studied by many researches. it is an important step of forest road network planning. the goals of this study are determining the optimum road spacing in kheiroudkenar forest of nowshahr in northern iran and study of effect of kind of skidder on skidding cost and road spacing. continues time study method was used to determine the production rate of taf and timbe...

Metals with a high density of nanometre-scale twins have demonstrated simultaneous high strength and good ductility, attributed to the interaction between lattice dislocations and twin boundaries. Maximum strength was observed at a critical twin lamella spacing (∼15 nm) by mechanical testing; hence, an explanation of how twin lamella spacing influences dislocation behaviours is desired. Here, w...

This article experimentally shows that the wetting property of a micropatterned surface is a function of the center-to-center offset distance between successive pillars in a column, referred to here as eccentricity. Studies were conducted on square micropatterns which were fabricated on a silicon wafer with pillar eccentricity ranging from 0 to 6 μm for two different pillar diameters and spacin...

Shape Arrays allow propagating arrays of shapes that adapt the number of elements to the surrounding geometry with a single placement propagation. The choice between scaling or repeating shapes to fill the bounding box of a placement can be specified separately for the width and height dimensions. To implement shape arrays, we specify a minimum spacing between shapes and find the maximum number...