BACKGROUND Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the cornerstone of HIV clinical care and is increasingly recognized as a key component of HIV prevention. However, the benefits of ART can be realized only if HIV-infected persons maintain high levels of adherence. METHODS We present interview data (collected from June 2007 through September 2008) from a national HIV surveillance system in the United...

Improving medication adherence has been identified as a crucial step towards improving health outcomes for patients with chronic disease and has provided the motivation for many changes in our health care system. Despite the volume of research done on this topic, however, we still lack important basic information about how to improve adherence in a cost-effective way. There is a need for a bett...

BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is the renal replacement therapy of choice for most patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), however, adherence to the recommended lifestyle is critical for a positive prognosis. The purpose of this study was to assess adherence to immunosuppressive therapy and lifestyle recommendations along with some related factors among kidney transplant patients. MA...

BACKGROUND Medication nonadherence is a common problem among the elderly. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of the published literature describing potential nonfinancial barriers to medication adherence among the elderly. METHODS The PubMed and PsychINFO databases were searched for articles published in English between January 1998 and January 2010 that (1) described "predictors," "f...

Nonadherence with medication occurs in all chronic medical disorders. It is a particular challenge in schizophrenia due to the illness's association with social isolation, stigma, and comorbid substance misuse, plus the effect of symptom domains on adherence, including positive and negative symptoms, lack of insight, depression, and cognitive impairment. Nonadherence lies on a spectrum, is ofte...

Poor glycemic control is related to an increased risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This study investigated the association between medication adherence and the risk of ESRD in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus.In this population-based cohort study, we used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to identify 559,864 patients with newly diagnosed or trea...

BACKGROUND Hypertension is very poorly controlled in patients on hemodialysis (HD). Demographic and psychosocial predictors of nonadherence with blood pressure (BP) regimens in HD have not been investigated. A study of 118 HD patients from six outpatient HD units was conducted to determine the relationship between demographic/psychosocial factors and adherence with BP-related regimens, ie, flui...

BACKGROUND Patient nonadherence is common for the standard mental health treatments in primary care: antidepressants and referrals to specialty mental health treatment. This is one of few studies to prospectively identify predictors of nonadherence. METHODS We observed 95 veterans attending an internal medicine clinic prescribed antidepressant medication or referred to mental health treatment...