OBJECTIVE To examine the pattern of association between microstructure of temporal lobe connections and the breakdown of episodic memory that is a core feature of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS Twenty-five individuals with MCI and 20 matched controls underwent diffusion MRI and cognitive assessment. Three temporal pathways were reconstructed by tractography: fornix, parahippocampal ...

The origin of negative differential resistance (NDR) and its derivative intermediate resistive states (IRSs) of nanocomposite memory systems have not been clearly analyzed for the past decade. To address this issue, we investigate the current fluctuations of organic nanocomposite memory devices with NDR and the IRSs under various temperature conditions. The 1/f noise scaling behaviors at variou...

Memory-retrieval processing of cross-modal sensory preconditioning is vital for understanding the plasticity underlying the interactions between modalities. As part of the sensory preconditioning paradigm, it has been hypothesized that the conditioned response to an unreinforced cue depends on the memory of the reinforced cue via a sensory link between the two cues. To test this hypothesis, we ...

Morphological changes of dendritic spines are strongly associated with synaptic development and synaptic plasticity, which underlies learning and memory. These changes are driven by alterations of F-actin dynamics under the control of Rho GTPases or by synaptic trafficking and insertion of glutamate receptors. Understanding the molecular events that occur during the formation and stabilization ...

Follicular dendritic cells (FDC) store native antigen for long periods in lymphoid follicles and so provide a source of continued stimulation for specific B cells. The expression of MHC class II by FDC suggested they might act as antigen-presenting cells for MHC class II-restricted T cells. We show here, however, that the MHC class II molecules found on their surface are not synthesized by the ...

Myocardial ischemia (MI) resulting in infarction is an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Acute ischaemia rapidly impairs myocardial contractile function. Myocardial dysfunction persisting for several hours after transient non-lethal ischaemia, eventually resulting in full functional recovery is termed as myocardial stunning. Hibernation is now thought to be the consequence o...

aim and background: it has been shown in several studies that, students with mathematics learning disabilities have memory problems. this research compares memory profile of students with and without mathematics learning disabilities. methods and materials: the design of research was cross-sectional with causal-comparative method. the statistical population were 3 rd grade student boys in isfah...

Capturing dynamics of the spread of information and disease with random flow on networks is a paradigm. We show that this conventional approach ignores an important feature of the dynamics: where flow moves to depends on where it comes from. That is, memory matters. We analyze multi-step pathways from different systems and show that ignoring memory overestimates the number of pathways by up to ...

29 A key function of the prefrontal cortex is to support inhibitory control over behavior. It is widely believed 30 that this function extends to stopping cognitive processes as well. Consistent with this, mounting evi31 dence establishes the role of the right lateral prefrontal cortex in a clear case of cognitive control: retrie32 val suppression. Retrieval suppression refers to the ability to...

A key function of the prefrontal cortex is to support inhibitory control over behavior. It is widely believed that this function extends to stopping cognitive processes as well. Consistent with this, mounting evidence establishes the role of the right lateral prefrontal cortex in a clear case of cognitive control: retrieval suppression. Retrieval suppression refers to the ability to intentional...