Knowing when and where people use greenspace is key to our understanding of urban ecology. The number of cellular phones active in a geographic area can serve as a proxy for human density in that area. We are using anonymous records of cellular network activity to study the spatiotemporal patterns of human density in an urban area. This paper presents the vision and some early results of this e...

`Abstract -In this paper, a packet pre-classification MAC (Media Access Control) protocol based on Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) scheme has been investigated for supporting IP packet over the all-optical WDM ring networks. The intention of the protocol is to increase throughput of IP over optical networks in Metropolitan Area Network (MAN). This protocol avoid...

| This paper proposes an eecient, fair, and simple capacity{1 protocol replacing fddi. In the recent years, two network protocols gained predominance in very fast Local and in Metropolitan Area Networks: fddi and dqdb. The fddi ring{protocol combination is well-suited for large local (\campus") area networks. However , for larger networks, fddi users suuer excessive access delays, even under ve...

This paper analyzes the SIP-based mobility management behavior within a heterogeneous network interconnecting IEEE 802.11-based wireless local area network (WLAN) and IEEE 802.16-based wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN). Our work focuses on signaling processes, during handoff between 802.11 and 802.16 networks. Particularly, the MAC layer technologies of 802.11 and 802.16 are examined in...

This study uses GIS (Geographic Information Systems) to conduct an evaluation of the degree of the sufficiency of public green spaces such as parks and urban green areas as an indicator of the density of metropolitan areas, in particular the Chubu metropolitan area, in Japan. To that end, it first grasps the distribution situation of green spaces in the three metropolitan areas in Japan, especi...

The integration of diverse but complementary cellular and wireless technologies in the next generation of wireless communication systems requires the design of intelligent vertical handoff decision algorithms to enable mobile users to seamlessly switch network access and experience uninterrupted service continuity anywhere and anytime. This paper provides an adaptive multiple attribute vertical...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine whether implementation of recent guidelines improves in-hospital mortality from acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in a metropolitan area. METHODS AND RESULTS We organized a network that consisted of the Viennese Ambulance Systems, which is responsible for diagnosis and triage of patients with acute STEMI, and 5 high-volume i...

The metropolitan dynamics typology of the Portuguese urban system is the product of a methodology based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS). A GIS data describes six dimensions of metropolisation (population, economy, urban organisation, society and culture, networks and territorial organisation), based on a matrix of entities or indicators. Such a matrix has been subjected to treatment by ...

The purpose of this report is to discuss the economic performance of the Richmond metropolitan area and to explore some of the drivers of regional growth. The Richmond metropolitan area is compared to a peer group of metropolitan areas of similar size based on population in 2010. In addition, a second exercise for benchmarking Richmond focused on other state capitals. Although this summary does...

This study uses accessibility as a performance measure to evaluate a matrix of future land use and network scenarios for planning purposes. The concept of accessibility dates to the 1950s, but this type of application to transportation planning is new. Previous research has established the coevolution of transportation and land use, demonstrated the dependence of accessibility on both, and made...