Regressive changes are a group of retrogressive changes of teeth which occur due to nonbacterial causes resulting in wear and tear of tooth structures with impairment of function. Studies1-12 on the mechanism of stress concentration in cervical areas concluded that occlusal loading forces result in tooth flexures which lead to mechanical microfractures and loss of tooth structure in the cervica...

Acute distal clavicular osteolysis was first described in 1936. Since then, distal clavicular osteolysis (DCO) has been separated into traumatic and atraumatic pathogeneses. In 1982 the first series of male weight trainers who developed ADCO was reported. The association of weightlifting and ADCO is especially important considering how routine a component weights are to the male athlete's train...

Osteoporosis is one of the most common disorders in postmenopausal women, affecting the quality of life and increasing the risk for fractures in minor traumas. Changes in the bone microarchitecture causes static changes in the body and affects motility. In this study, we analyzed two groups of women, one with physiological menopause and one with surgically induced menopause. The diagnosis of os...

The skeleton is a metabolically active organ that undergoes continuous remodeling throughout life. This remodeling is necessary both to maintain the structural integrity of the skeleton and to subserve its metabolic functions as a storehouse of calcium and phosphorus. These dual functions often come into conflict under conditions of changing mechanical forces or metabolic and nutritional stress...

The operative management of focal chondral lesions continues to be problematic for the treating orthopedic surgeon secondary to the limited regenerative capacity of articular cartilage. Although many treatment options are currently available, none fulfills the criteria for an ideal repair solution, including a hyaline repair tissue that completely fills the defect and integrates well with the s...

The aim of this study was to investigate if radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) induces new bone formation and to study the time course of ESWT-induced osteogenesis. A total of 4000 impulses of radial shock waves (0.16 mJ/mm²) were applied to one hind leg of 13 New Zealand white rabbits with the contralateral side used for control. Treatment was repeated after 7 days. Fluorochrome ...

OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of BST-CarGel®, a chitosan scaffold for cartilage repair was compared with microfracture alone at 1 year during a multicenter randomized controlled trial in the knee. This report was undertaken to investigate 5-year structural and clinical outcomes. DESIGN The international randomized controlled trial enrolled 80 patients, aged 18 to 55 years, with grade III ...

Juvenile osteochondritis dissecans of the talus (JODT) affects the subchondral bone primarily and, in a skeletally immature population, articular cartilage secondarily. It probably consists of aseptic bone necrosis whose spontaneous healing is impaired by microtraumas, resulting in an osteochondral injury and, in some cases, in osteoarthritis. In many cases the clinical presentation is asymptom...

The discoid meniscus is a rare anomaly of the knee that affects mostly the lateral meniscus and is often asymptomatic. The osteochondritis dissecans is a disorder of the subchondral bone and articular cartilage and occurs frequently associated with the discoid lateral meniscus. In the present case, we showed the evolution of this association related to surgical treatment. A patient with lateral...

Crystals of magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) and periclase (MgO) in Fe-Mg-Ca carbonate in the Martian meteorite Allan Hills 84001 were studied by using transmission electron microscopy to understand their origin and evaluate claims that the magnetites were made by Martian microorganisms. In magnesian carbonate, periclase occurs as aggregates of crystals (grain size approximately equal to 3 nm) that are pr...