The lunar rocks described in the next chapter are unique to the Moon. Their special characteristics— especially the complete lack of water, the common presence of metallic iron, and the ratios of certain trace chemical elements—make it easy to distinguish them from terrestrial rocks. However, the minerals that make up lunar rocks are (with a few notable exceptions) minerals that are also found ...

Rare earth elements (REE) are either housed in exotic REE minerals that sporadically populate the host rock or they occur as ionic substitutions in the crystal structure of existing rock-forming minerals. The genesis of REEs in carbonatite rocks can result in intricate mineralogical textures between REE minerals, host rock minerals, and minerals formed by later processes. Upfront mineralogical ...

We present a first paragenetic study of the Wuyier, Wuyisan, Wuyiyi and Shihongtan sandstone-hosted roll-front uranium deposits, northwest China. The mineralization is hosted by Lower–Middle Jurassic coarseto medium-grained sandstones, which are dark-gray to black due to a mixture of ore minerals and carbonaceous debris. The sandstone is alluvial fan-braided river facies. Minerals associated wi...

The geologic characteristics (ore mineralogy, geochemistry, host rock lithology, etc.) that economic geologists use to classify mineral deposits are key to understanding their environmental signatures. Mineralogic characterization and chemical analysis are among the many scientific tools that can be applied to mining-environmental prediction, mitigation, and remediation (Plumlee and Logsdon, 19...

Several grain legumes are staple food crops that are important sources of minerals for humans; unfortunately, our knowledge is incomplete with respect to the mechanisms of translocation of these minerals to the vegetative tissues and loading into seeds. Understanding the mechanism and partitioning of minerals in pea could help in developing cultivars with high mineral density. A mineral partiti...

This work examines the applicability of averaged concentrations, a mathematical analog of field-measured solute concentrations averaged over a large number of pores, in determining mineral reaction rates in heterogeneous porous media. Pore-scale network models were used to represent sandstones with anorthite and kaolinite as reactive minerals that are heterogeneously distributed in space. React...

Pasture forage is the most significant contributor to the trace mineral nutrition of grazing beef cattle. Mineral supplementation in beef cattle can be divided into two broad categories, macro-minerals and micro-minerals. These categories are based on the amount of mineral required in the cow’s diet. As a rule of thumb, micro-minerals are required in amounts less than 1 gram per day compared to...

The magnetic field sensors enabling birds to extract orientational information from the Earth's magnetic field have remained enigmatic. Our previously published results from homing pigeons have made us suggest that the iron containing sensory dendrites in the inner dermal lining of the upper beak are a candidate structure for such an avian magnetometer system. Here we show that similar structur...