During the late Ming Dynasty, with establishment of Calendar Bureau (历局) by Xu Guangqi (1562-1633) and recommendation missionaries Catholics to take part in revision calendar, Imperial Astronomical (钦天监) became an important institution for stay China played role dissemination development Catholicism. Until beginning Qing a government office most official Catholics. Missionaries were not only ch...

the potential equality and convertibility of all people. Stornig’s analysis of the exposition material reveals that religious and secular knowledge were deeply connected. Catholic academics established their theory on ‘cultural circles’ (Kulturkreise) by merging both types of knowledge. Much of their argumentation was based on pictures of bodies, used to construct differences. Marcel Dreier und...

although, once, in the far past, sending gifts and missionaries was called a type of public diplomacy, today it is manifested as academic disciplines, policy making institutions, and multi-purpose organizations. the most important institutions of these kinds, now, exist in the us, whose purpose is to promote the politics of this country as public diplomacy and to follow local and international ...

The article deals with the history of western missions to Armenian archdiocese Naxiǰewan in first decades seventeenth century. In 1610s-1630s, was destination a series Dominican missions. focuses on relations between missionaries and local Catholic hierarchy how Propaganda Fide dealt contentious doctrinal authority issues at stake.

Based on the study including sources that have not yet been introduced into scientific circulation, it was found in Don region, missionary work initiated by imperial authorities began 1870s. After analyzing regional communities professing Christianity, or being confrontation with Russian Church, decided to implement two directions of mission: one among Kalmyk Lamaists and another Old Believers....