Leg venous hemodynamics [venous distensibility index (VDI), arterial flow index (AFI), half-emptying time (T1/2)], and leg volumes (LV) were assessed by mercury strain-gauge plethysmography with venous occlusion and volometry, respectively, in seven men before, during, and after 42 days of 6 degrees head-down bed rest. Results showed a high increase in VDI up to day 26 of bed rest (+50% vs. con...

Background Dehydration refers to an imbalance in fluid dynamics when fluid intake doesn’t replenish water losses. Limiting dehydration during training and competition is a major concern for soccer players. A moderate exercise workout generally produces a 0.5to1.5 litre sweat loss over a 1 hour period, depending on training status and individual features. Changes in body weight (before/after mat...

The electrooxidation of dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA) was studied using gold electrodes modified by a cationic self-assembled monolayer of [Os(bpy)2(bpy-(CH2),3SH)]2+ by cyclic voltammetry. At an [Os(bpy)2(bpy-(CH2)13SH)]2+/Au electrode, the oxidation peak of DA shifted to a much more positive potential as compared with that of a bare gold electrode, while the oxidation peak potential of...

We propose a latent variable model to enhance historical analysis of large corpora. This work extends prior work in topic modelling by incorporating metadata, and the interactions between the components in metadata, in a general way. To test this, we collect a corpus of slavery-related United States property law judgements sampled from the years 1730 to 1866. We study the language use in these ...

‎Let $(Sigma_P,sigma_P)$ be the space of a spacing shifts where $Psubset mathbb{N}_0=mathbb{N}cup{0}$ and $Sigma_P={sin{0,1}^{mathbb{N}_0}: ‎s_i=s_j=1 mbox{ if } |i-j|in P cup{0}}$ and $sigma_P$ the shift map‎. ‎We will show that $Sigma_P$ is mixing if and only if it has almost specification property with at least two periodic points‎. ‎Moreover‎, ‎we show that if $h(sigma_P)=0$‎, ‎then $Sigma_...

People perceive and evaluate others according to social categories. Yet social perception is complicated by the fact that people have multiple social identities, and self-categorization with these identities shifts from one situation to another. Two experiments examined whether self-categorization with a novel mixed-race group would override automatic racial bias. Participants assigned to a mix...

The novel tetrahalophosphonium salts PBr4 AsF6 , PI4 AlCl4 and PI4 EBr4 (E = Al, Ga) have been synthesised. A variety of solid complexes containing PBr4 (e.g. PBr4 AsF6 , PBr4 AlBr4 PBr4 GaBr4 ), PI4 (e.g. PI4 AlCl4 , PI4 AlBr4 , PI4 GaBr4 ) or the mixed species PBrnI4 n (0 ≤ n ≤ 4, containing AlBr4 , GaBr4 , AsF6 or SbF6 ) have been studied by solid-state P MAS NMR and vibrational spectroscopy...