AIMS To estimate differences in the incidence of recorded traumatic head injuries by gender, age, severity, and geographical area. METHODS The study was prospective and nationwide. Data were collected from all hospitals, emergency units and healthcare centers in Iceland regarding all Icelandic children and adolescents 0-19 years old consecutively diagnosed with traumatic head injuries (N = 55...

tectonic processes are major factors controlling landform development in tectonically active areas. in order to evaluate quantitative measurement of tectonic activities in the alamarvdasht basin in the south of iran, six different morphological indices including stream-gradient index (sl), drainage basin asymmetry (af), hypsometric integral (hi), valley floor width-valley height ratio (vf), dra...

Introduction:Orthodontic treatment is associted with a risk of root resorption.The aim of this study was to determine the risk of moderate and sever root resorption in orthodontic patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliance.   Method:A case-control study was performed on 70 orthodontic treated patients with moderate and sever root resorption and 70 controls matched for age,sex,duration ...

Identifying the areas at risk of ecosystem transformation and the main contributing factors to the risk is essential to assist ecological adaptation to climate change. We assessed the risk of ecosystem shifts in China using the projections of four global gridded vegetation models (GGVMs) and an aggregate metric. The results show that half of naturally vegetated land surface could be under moder...

The Dynamic Continuous-Area Space-Time (DYCAST) system is a biologically based spatiotemporal model that uses public reports of dead birds to identify areas at high risk for West Nile virus (WNV) transmission to humans. In 2005, during a statewide epidemic of WNV (880 cases), the California Department of Public Health prospectively implemented DYCAST over 32,517 km2 in California. Daily risk ma...

Two predictive models were developed within a geographic information system using Genetic Algorithm Rule-Set Prediction (GARP) and the growing degree day (GDD)-water budget (WB) concept to predict the distribution and potential risk of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the State of Bahia, Brazil. The objective was to define the environmental suitability of the disease as well as to obtain a deeper...

The study was designed for mapping the filariasis transmission risk using geo-climatic variables. The application of remote sensing and GIS in the present study is mainly focused on profiling the areas at risk of filariasis transmission. The filariasis disease is caused by the Culex genus mosquito vector. The survival and longevity of infected filariasis vector mosquitoes are spatially determin...

background: a cross-sectional analytic method was used to assess health and safety risks that really matter in restaurants of universities and hospitals in the gaza strip, palestine.  materials and methods: a 40-item questionnaire was completed by workers in all university and governmental hospital restaurants in the gaza strip. another 30-item questionnaire was completed by university students...

Maps showing gradations of risk of fasciolosis due to Fasciola gigantica in Cambodia were produced using geographic information systems (GIS) technology in conjunction with determinants of fasciolosis. A comparison between levels of risk predicted by the maps and field measurements of prevalence in 11 provinces (n=1406) showed general agreement, which suggested the epidemiological determinants ...