This paper uses case information on Chapter 11 filings for almost 5000 private companies across five district courts in the US between 1989 and 2004. We first establish that within districts cases are assigned randomly to judges, which allows us to estimate judge specific fixed effects in their Chapter 11 rulings. We find very strong and economically significant differences across judges in the...

A new angular quadrature type termed Modified Simpson Trapezoidal (MST) is developed based on the conventional Simpson’s 1/3 rule where pattern over polar levels has a trapezoid shape. An adaptive coefficient correction scheme to enable our integrate flux subintervals separated by interior jump irregularities. two-dimensional test problem employed verify discretization error in uncollided S N s...

With the development of market-oriented economic reforms, Chinese monetary policy plays an important role in the world. The objective of this paper is to review the recent conduct of Chinese monetary policy and the central bank’s rule-based behavior in period 1994-2006 by estimating the monetary policy rules (monetary policy reaction function). It compares four kinds of monetary policy rules -T...

We investigated the enhanced production of nuclei formed via incomplete fusion (ICF) reactions near and above Coulomb barrier energies (5–8 MeV/A). The cross-sections evaporation residues in reactions—11B+124Sn, 10B+124Sn 11B+122Sn—were measured using off-line gamma-ray spectrometry. sum rule model (SRM) by Wilczyński et al. predicted cross-section values too low compared to our experimental re...

Effective dielectric constants of diphase composite dielectrics are simulated by Monte Carlo-finite element method on three-dimensional lattice. Effective dielectric constants with coefficients of variation less than 5.5% are obtained for different ratios of dielectric constants of the two phases, ranging from 10 to 700. Various mixing rules and equations are fitted to these data and the accura...

Certain irregularities in utterances of a word or phrase occur in English as spoken by Japanese native subjects (Japanese English, henceforth). This study considers such pitch patterns as one of the most common causes of deficiencies in Japanese English, and that Japanese English would have better pitch patterns if its peculiarities are modified. Firstly, pitch patterns of Japanese English are ...

Development of fuzzy ifthen rules and formation of membership functions are the important consideration in designing a fuzzy classifier system. This paper presents a Modified Genetic Algorithm (ModGA) approach to obtain the optimal rule set and the membership function for a fuzzy classifier. In the genetic population, the membership functions are represented using real numbers and the rule set ...