The stratum corneum (SC), the outermost barrier of mammalian bodies, consists of layers of cornified keratinocytes with intercellular spaces sealed with lipids. The insolubility of the SC has hampered in-depth analysis, and the SC has been considered a homogeneous barrier. Here, we applied time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry to demonstrate that the SC consists of three layers with di...

Loss-of-function mutation in the profilaggrin gene is a major risk factor for atopic dermatitis (AD). Previously, we showed that a neutral cysteine protease, bleomycin hydrolase (BH), has a role in generating natural moisturizing factors, and calpain I is an upstream protease in the filaggrin degradation pathway. Here, we investigated the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of BH and the rele...

Skincare is one of the most profitable product categories today. Consumers’ demand for skin-friendly products has stimulated development natural-ingredient-based cosmeceutical preparations over synthetic chemicals. Thus, natural polysaccharides have gained much attention since promising potent efficacy in wound healing, moisturizing, antiaging, and whitening. The challenge to raise awareness wi...

The utilization of cosmetic raw materials for medicinal purposes in a microneedle patch containing hyaluronic acid (HA) and Lonicerae flos ethanol extract (LEE) has increased based on their eco-friendly characteristics. moisturizing effects this were assessed the forearms 20 female participants, our results showed an increase between 29.60% 88.54% skin moisture content at same time points relat...

Dry eye syndrome is a group of medical conditions that can be caused by many factors, as result which there an abnormality in moisturizing the surface tear film. One causes this disorder Sjögren’s syndrome, autoimmune disease body produces antibodies against its own proteins. The glands external secretion, mainly lacrimal and salivary are damaged inflammation. Associated with side effects, affe...

Ichthyoses constitute a large group of cornification disorders that affect the entire integument. The skin is characterized by visible scaling and in many cases by inflammation, for example, in bullous/keratinopathic ichthyosis or Netherton syndrome. From the viewpoint of classification it is useful to distinguish non-syndromic from syndromic types of ichthyosis. Ichthyosis vulgaris and recessi...

Contact dermatitis due to cosmetic products is a common dermatologic complaint that considerably affects the patient's quality of life. Diagnosis, treatment, and preventive strategies represent a substantial cost. This condition accounts for 2% to 4% of all visits to the dermatologist, and approximately 60% of cases are allergic in origin. Most cases are caused by skin hygiene and moisturizing ...

Sir, Allergic contact dermatitis is the most common cause of peri-orbital eczema (1). It may be caused by allergens brought in contact with the eyelids by hand transfer (like toluene sulfonamide-formaldehyde resin in nail polishes), by airborne contact (like sesquiterpene lactones) or, most frequently, by direct application of cosmetics or topical ophthalmic medicaments. The percentage of sensi...