There has been nearly a century of interest in the idea that information is stored in the brain as changes in the efficacy of synaptic connections on neurons that are activated during learning. The discovery and detailed report of the phenomenon generally known as long-term potentiation opened a new chapter in the study of synaptic plasticity in the vertebrate brain, and this form of synaptic p...

The involvement of excited and highly reactive intermediates in oxygenic photosynthesis poses unique problems for algae and plants in terms of potential oxidative damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. Photoprotective processes prevent or minimize generation of oxidizing molecules, scavenge reactive oxygen species efficiently, and repair damage that inevitably occurs. This review summarizes se...

Enormous mechanistic insight has been gained by studying the behavior of single molecules. The same approaches used to study proteins in isolation are now being leveraged to examine the changes in functional behavior that emerge when single molecules have company.

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In this contribution we will present the survey of our past and current endeavor on parallel approaches in molecular modeling algorithm development, for example, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. In particular, we will describe the new split integration symplectic method for the numerical solution of molecular dynamics equations and methods for the determination of vibrational frequencies and...

Stem cells are characterized by their ability to self-renew and differentiate into multiple adult cell types. Although substantial progress has been made over the last decade in understanding stem cell biology, recent technological advances in molecular and systems biology may hold the key to unraveling the mystery behind stem cell self-renewal and plasticity. The most notable of these advances...

Major advances in molecular genetics over the last 15 years have made it possible to identify the genes responsible for human diseases using purely genetic approaches that do not require knowledge about disease pathophysiology. Many successes have been achieved for single gene disorders and methods are being adapted and refined for complex diseases. The main strategies include linkage and assoc...

An unprecedented interest in biomarker development has arisen from the increasing use of genomic information and high-throughput technologies in the field of drug development. Monitoring global cellular responses to perturbation due to disease, drug treatment or toxicity is achieved using molecular profiling methods such as DNA microarrays, proteomics and metabonomics. Unique fingerprints compo...