Tau neutrinos interacting inside the Earth produce τ leptons which thereafter can decay inside the atmosphere. The propagation of extremely energetic ντ ’s and τ ’s through the Earth is studied by means of a detailed Monte Carlo simulation, taking into account all major mechanisms of ντ interactions and τ energy loss as well as decay modes. The rates of τ ’s emerging from the Earth are determin...

We advance the theory pertaining to IT governance and portfolio management. We specifically examine how the portfolio characteristics can influence IT investment allocation. We propose two portfolio characteristics – flexibility and diversity. We define the flexibility as the number of IT investment choice, and the diversity as the dissimilarity of IT investment choice. Using the Monte Carlo si...

Name-Your-Own-Price (NYOP) auctions have gained recent popularity on the Internet. In many NYOP settings, the auction firm displays multiple bidding items for the bidders (such as multiple options of airline tickets) and restricts them to place a single offer. Recent studies have, however, shown that the Internet environment enables many customers to engage in repeat bidding. Our purpose in thi...

Bridge life cycle maintenance costs can be estimated more accurately if the deteriorating and maintaining process can be simulated objectively. This paper first proposed a reliabilitybased model for prediction of deterioration. The performance of bridge elements was quantified by the reliability index. A stochastic approach was then introduced and the probabilities for what action should be tak...

This paper addresses the problem of radionuclides transport through the artificial porous matrices constituting the engineered barriers of a permanent deposit for radioactive wastes under design by the Italian Agency for Energy and Environment, ENEA. The complexity of the phenomena involved, augmented by the heterogeneity and stochasticity of the media in which transport occurs, renders the cla...

We develop a new approach for pricing both continuous-time and discretetime American options which is based on the fact that any American option is equivalent to a European one with a consumption process involved. This approach admits the construction of an upper bound (a lower bound) on the true price using some lower bound (an upper bound) by Monte Carlo simulation. A number of effective esti...

Observations of Type Ia supernovae used to map the expansion history of the Universe suffer from systematic uncertainties that need to be propagated into the estimates of cosmological parameters. We propose an iterative Monte Carlo simulation and cosmology fitting technique (SMOCK) to investigate the impact of sources of error upon fits of the dark energy equation of state. This approach is esp...

Monte Carlo simulation was used to determine how violation of the independence assumption affects the empirical probability distribution and Type I error rates of Revusky's Rn statistical test. Simulation results show that the probability distribution of Rn was distorted when the data were autocorrelated. A corrected Rn statistic was proposed to reach a reasonable fit between theoretical (exact...