a mathematical model for commercial naphtha catalytic reformer of tehran refinery was developed. this model includes three sequencing fixed beds of pt/al2o3 catalyst at the steady state condition using detailed kinetic scheme involving 26 pseudo-components connected by a network of 47 reactions, in the range of c6 to c9 hydrocarbons. the reaction network consisted dehydrogenation, hydrogenation...

Pyrolysis is an attractive thermal conversion technology used to produce bio-oil and some chemicals. In this study, we investigated the pyrolysis of sewage sludge under N2 and CO2 atmosphere at various temperatures (350-750°C) in a rotating fixed bed reactor. For under N2 atmosphere, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) shows two major reaction peaks centered at 300 and 500°C. However, if CO2 was...

Research in the sustainable conversion of biomass to fuels and chemicals is a necessity for reduction carbon footprint transport energy. Herein, we demonstrate an efficient tandem catalyst selectively convert (simulated) bio-oil hydrocarbons with enhanced C4+ fuel yield fixed bed reactor small pilot plant. The catalytic system multifunctional dual system; coupling catalysts (0.2 wt % X-TiO2(X: ...

Most coupled or combined processes use a fixed film reactor in series with a suspended growth reactor. In combined processes, the fixed film reactor usually consists of a biological tower. The suspended growth reactor is generally an aeration basin or small contact channel. Other types of combined processes have been used where rotating biological contactors (RBC’s), lagoons, or other treatment...

A bench-scale auger reactor was designed for use as a laboratory-scale fast pyrolyzer for producing bio-oil from Japanese cedar. An analytical pyrolysis method was performed simultaneously to determine the distribution of pyrolysis products. The pyrolysis temperature was found to have the greatest influence on the bio-oil characteristics; bio-oil yields increased as the pyrolysis temperature in...

The transformation of methane and carbon dioxide by coupling plasma catalysis was investigated using a fluidized bed reactor the results, in terms reactant conversion yields products, were compared with those obtained fixed reactor. A series alumina, including commercial sample various meso-macro materials synthesized laboratory, tested this study. Their surface areas varied from 260 to 312 m2 ...

Implementation of partial nitritation anammox (PNA) in the mainstream (municipal wastewater treatment) is still under investigation. Microbial community structure and reactor type can influence the performance of PNA reactor; yet, little is known about the role of the community composition of the inoculum and the reactor configuration under mainstream conditions. Therefore, this study investiga...