Problem statement: The occurrence of endosulfan, carbendazim, chloropyripos in 10 banana samples in southern area of Tamilnadu, India (hill banana, karpuravalli, monthan, nendran, ney poovan, pachanadan, poovan, rasthali, red banana, robusta) was investigated. Approach: In 7 samples, Carbendazim was found at concentrations ranging from 0.002-0.11 mg kg. In three samples, carbendazim was not fou...

The presence of pesticide residues in primary and derived agricultural products raises serious health concerns for consumers. The aim of this study was to assess the level of pesticide residues in commonly consumed fruits and vegetables in Kuwait. A total of 150 samples of different fresh vegetables and fruits were analyzed for the presence of 34 pesticides using the quick easy cheap effective ...

A highly sensitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) method was developed in this study for efficient screening of triazophos residues in a large number of samples. Based on the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by China and CAC for triazophos in different agro-products, the representative apple, orange, cabbage, zucchini, and rice samples were selected as spiked samples, and the tria...

A modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged (QuEChERS) method with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as reversed-dispersive solid phase extraction (r-DSPE) material was applied to the analysis of pirimiphos-methyl and deltamethrin residues in stored rice. Two dustable powder (DP) formulations (2% pirimiphos-methyl and deltamethrin DP; 5% pirimiphos-methyl DP) were applied in simulated...

Techniques for immunosensing like surface plasmon resonance (SPR) may respond to the need for rapid screening methods to improve food safety. This paper describes the development of a novel portable six channel SPR biosensor based on the plasmon of gold diffraction grating surface for simultaneous multianalyte antibiotic detection in milk samples. Representative congeners from three important a...

To conduct exposure-based assessments of possible noncancer or cancer health hazards from oral exposures to mixtures of 2,3,7,8-TCDD, hexachlorobenzene, p,p’-DDE, methylmercury, and PCBs, component-based approaches are recommended, because there are no direct data available to characterize health hazards (and dose-response relationships) from exposure to the mixture. In addition, PBPK/PD models...

Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) is prominent among vegetables produced in Ghana. About ninety percent (90%) of the population of the study area are engaged primarily in tomato production. Due to the problem posed by pests and diseases and the vulnerability of vegetables to most of these pests and diseases, a variety of pesticides including organophosphates, Organochlorines, carbamates, and syn...

The pesticide trichlorfon is readily degraded under experimental conditions to dichlorvos. A method has therefore been developed by which residues of trichlorfon in milk are determined as dichlorvos, using gas chromatography with μ-electron capture detection. The identification of dichlorvos was confirmed by mass spectrometry. Milk was extracted with acetonitrile followed by centrifugation, fre...

Over 800 pesticides are currently approved for use in one or more EU countries. The maximum residue levels (MRL) for agricultural pesticides are derived from field trials conducted under good agricultural practice (GAP). The MRL is a legally enforceable limit related to GAP. The results from field trials would only be used to establish MRLs if the estimated intake of residues did not exceed the...

Examination of the available joint toxic action data, presented in Section 2.2, reveals that no health effects data are available for the complete mixture, or for ternary or quaternary submixtures. Because suitable data, joint action models, and PBPK models are lacking for the complete mixture, the recommended approach for the exposure-based assessment of joint toxic action of this mixture is t...