the three components one pot synthesis of 2-amino-4h-benzo-[b] -pyran derivatives were obtained in good to excellent yields within short reaction time by condensing dimedone, aldehydes and malanonitrile or ethylcyanoacetate using a catalytic amount of (diacetoxyiodo)benzene as hypervalent iodine in aqueous ethanol under reflux conditions have been discussed. this aqua mediated knoevenagel-cyclo...

The well-posedness of a Riemann problem at a junction in a pipeline network is discussed. In addition computational results on the dynamics of the flow of a multi-component gas at such network junctions are presented. The work presented here is a generalisation of [M. K. Banda, M. Herty, and J. M. T. Ngnotchouye, Towards a mathematical analysis of multiphase drift-flux model in networks, SIAM J...

Abstract—Natural gas, as one of the most important sources of energy for many of the industrial and domestic users all over the world, has a complex, huge supply chain which is in need of heavy investments in all the phases of exploration, extraction, production, transportation, storage and distribution. The main purpose of supply chain is to meet customers’ need efficiently and with minimum co...

The conversion of methane via an OCM (Oxidative Coupling of Methane) to transportable liquid fuel has been investigated in order to utilize remote natural gas effectively. A conceptual view of this new process was developed for gasoline production based on reviews of other conventional processes and sensitivity analyses. The process developed, "ORIGINAL". is characterized by simplification of t...

hydrogen is seen as one of the important energy carriers of the future with potential to reduce local as well as global warming. the main by-product of the combustion of hydrogen in air is water vapor and trace quantities of oxides of nitrogen. an experiment was conducted to study the impact of hydrogen/natural gas blends on performance, thermodynamic efficiency and exhaust gas emissions in a r...

This paper proposes an effective model based on the least squares support vector machines (LSSVM) and the particle swarm optimization (PSO), termed PSO-LSSVM, for prediction of natural gas consumption, as an important energy resource. The salient feature of mapping nonlinear data into high dimension feature space, distinguishes LS-SVM as a powerful approach for forecasting and estimation. Optim...

The recent growth in production and utilization of natural gas offers potential climate benefits, but those benefits depend on lifecycle emissions of methane, the primary component of natural gas and a potent greenhouse gas. This study estimates methane emissions from the transmission and storage (T&S) sector of the United States natural gas industry using new data collected during 2012, includ...

Homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion is spontaneous multi-site combustion of a nominally premixed air/fuel mixture that exhibits high rate of pressure rise and short combustion duration. To avoid excessive pressure rise rate and knocking, HCCI engines are fueled with highly diluted mixture using a combination of excess air and/or EGR. HCCI combustion is attractive due to ...