Introduction: Dental caries is a significant public health problem which destroys the calcified tissues of the teeth. The frequency of lactobacilli in dental caries is usually high. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of these bacteria in dental caries and to identify the antibiotic resistance patterns of them. Methods: Specimens from dental plaque were collected from 30 p...

background: infection with non-typhoid salmonella (nts) is one of the most important health problems all over the world. antimicrobial drug resistance is increasing among salmonella infantis species. objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of presence of class 1 integrons in s. infantis species as well as its association with drug resistance. materials and methods: th...

Nowadays, multidrug resistance and side effects of drugs limit the effectiveness of chemotherapies in clinics. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) (MDR1), as a member of the ATP-binding cassette family, acts on transporting drugs into cell plasma across the membrane of cancer cells and leads to the occurrence of multidrug resistance, thus resulting in the failure of chemotherapy in cancer. The main aims of t...

The multidrug transporter, initially identified as a multidrug efflux pump responsible for resistance of cultured cells to natural product cytotoxic drugs, is normally expressed on the apical membranes of excretory epithelial cells in the liver, kidney, and intestine. This localization suggests that the multidrug transporter may have a normal physiological role in transporting cytotoxic compoun...

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) O146 strain isolated from a 1-year-old child with acute diarrhea in Delhi who recovered completely. The multidrug transporter (mdtABCD) gene, responsible for drug resistance, is present. The strain also contains the astA gene, an additional virulence determinant.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, and resistance to the current therapeutics, often concurrently, is an increasing clinical challenge. By understanding the molecular mechanisms behind multidrug-resistant breast cancer, new treatments may be developed. Here we review the recent advances in this understanding, emphasizing the common mechanisms underlying resistance to bo...

Tigecycline resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae results from ramA upregulation that causes the overexpression of the efflux pump, AcrAB-TolC. Tigecycline mutants, derived from Ecl8ΔramA, can exhibit a multidrug resistance phenotype due to increased transcription of the marA, rarA, acrAB, and oqxAB genes. These findings support the idea that tigecycline or multidrug resistance in K. pneumoniae, ...

Selection of human cells for resistance to vincristine or doxorubicin often induces overexpression of the multidrug resistance 1 gene (MDR1), which encodes the cell surface P-glycoprotein, as a result of gene amplification or transcriptional activation. Moreover, overexpression of the MDR1 gene has been shown to be associated closely with clinical outcome in various hematological malignancies, ...