An uncontrolled exaggerated Th17 response can drive the onset of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In this study, we show that, in T cells, Foxo1 is a negative regulator of the Th17 program. Using mixed bone marrow chimeras and Foxo1-deficient mice, we demonstrate that this control is effective in vivo, as well as in vitro during differentiation assays of naive T cells with specific inhibit...

Copyright © 2012 Juan-Manuel Anaya et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are chronic conditions initiated by the loss of immunological tolerance to self-antigens and represent a heterogen...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can affect nearly any organ system, and is frequently an evolving disease with varied manifestations. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) physicians have identified different SLE patterns that they have difficulty summarizing, but the latent class model helps solve this problem. This study applies the latent class model and disease pattern coding system (B-code...

n textbooks of physiology and in medical school classrooms around the world, hypertension is described as a disease characterized by vascular dysfunction, renal impairment, and altered sympathetic outflow. T lymphocytes are never mentioned , and the notion that hypertension may be an autoim-mune disease is not even entertained. Yet, increasing evidence, dating back as early as the 1960s, suppor...

The lung environment actively inhibits apoptotic cell (AC) uptake by alveolar macrophages (AMøs) via lung collectin signaling through signal regulatory protein a (SIRPa). Even brief glucocorticoid (GC) treatment during maturation of human blood monocyte-derived or murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (Møs) increases their AC uptake. Whether GCs similarly impact differentiated tissue Møs and t...

A bstract. Signal processing in the immune syst em is st udied in a t heoretical multilayered network. The elements in th e network have regular conn ectiviti es, with t he level of connectivity reflecti ng t he level of signal (cyto kine) multifunctionality. Each element opera tes by th e same nonlinear majority rule. An exact formul a for t he/ {;umber of fixed points is derived as a fun ctio...

Whither smooth muscle antibodies in the third millennium? Lupoid hepatitis (now known as autoimmune hepatitis type I) was defined as an autoimmune disease by Mackay and colleagues in 1965. 1 An immunological marker of the disease was identified by Johnson et al in 1965 in the form of an " antismooth muscle antibody ". 2 3 Over the following 30 years, smooth muscle antibody (SMA) has been used i...

Stability of Thalidomide in Human Plasma To the Editor: Thalidomide was initially introduced into medical use in the 1950s as a sedative; because of its terato-genie effects (malformation of the extremities), however, it was withdrawn from the market. Chronic use of thalidomide was also associated with peripheral neuritis. Lately, interest in thalidomide has renewed after demonstration of its a...

The incredible leaps in technology that now make high-speed genome sequencing possible are revolutionizing the hunt for genes and genetic variations associated with disease. A stunning series of recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified new candidate genes for a number of common diseases including breast cancer, heart disease, diabetes type I and II, obesity, Crohn's disease...

the vesicle expresses a specific membrane protein Department of Neurobiology (v-SNARE) that binds to a cognate receptor on the target Howard Hughes Medical Institute membrane (t-SNARE). For synaptic vesicle exocytosis, Massachusetts General Hospital the v-SNARE VAMP/synaptobrevin, an integral mem-and Harvard Medical School brane protein of the synaptic vesicle, interacts with the Boston, Massac...