0306-2619/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.07.007 * Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] ( Waste-to-energy provides a solution to two problems: waste management and energy generation. An integrated anaerobic waste valorization process is an interesting option, but because of investments cost and low energy value in the province o...

this paper used the results of a research project entitled biodiversity of inland water fishes of iran which was carried out from 2005 to 2010. some 3500 fish specimens were obtained from different basins of iran by using electrofishing method, cast net, gill net and hook. using criteria such as size, shape and color, some of them are considered suitable to keep in aquarium. due to the results ...

Urbanization and rapid growth of population in India has led to drastic increase in municipal solid waste. Unscientific disposal of municipal solid waste is one of the main reasons attributed for environmental degradation. The present work concentrates on municipal solid waste management in Tiruchirappalli City which comprises of four zones namely Srirangam, Goldenrock, Araiyamangalam and Abish...

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the municipal bond market with an emphasis on the numerous embedded contingent claims. Embedded contingent claims include the standard call features, sinking funds, the advance refunding option, the synthetic advance refunding option, the credit risk option (default risk), marketability, and the numerous tax-related events. Municipal bond i...

Energy resources saving policy in municipal housing economy (MHE) is a priority in the national economy of Russia. It is aimed at reduction of costs for housing stock maintenance and operation and for optimization of housing and municipal services payment system. Suggested in the article is the organizational and economical mechanism of energy resources saving management in MHE, including funct...

The city of Rome is characterized by high ozone, NO2 and PM10 levels claiming for the implementation of emission control strategies to improve the air quality and to decrease the risks of health effects on inhabitants. In this perspective an atmospheric modelling system based on the chemical transport model FARM has been applied for the year 2005 over a nested domain including the metropolitan ...

Widespread interest in composting as a means of municipal sludge treatment began in the early 1970s, and has i n c r e d dramatically since that time. In 1984, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated a technology evaluation of municipal sludge composting based on investigations at five o p erating facilities.' The facilities studied generally processed sludge reliably and effe...

BACKGROUND Human exposure to antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) is a public health concern which could occur in a number of ways. Wastewaters seem to play an important role in the dissemination of bacteria and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in our environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of three groups of ARB and their resistance genes in hospital and municipal was...

The lack of widely available, affordable broadband Internet access has spurred a movement in which municipalities are rolling out wireless broadband networks. This movement has raised a number of questions including: Why are municipalities acting as the early adopters of wireless broadband technology? How does increased state regulation of municipal broadband networks affect this trend and how ...