It has been found that nucleophilic reagents, i.e., NaBH4, Grignard reagents, and alkyl lithium, uniquely react with the -alkoxyor acyloxy-lactone moieties in ginkgolide and F-seco-ginkgolides to give rise to lactol derivatives. The reaction is rapid and stops at the lactol stage; the strong coordination of Na, Mg, and Li metals to the conformationally rigid cage structure is involved in both t...

In this study, we report the fabrication of mesoporous assemblies of silver and TiO2 nanoparticles (Ag/MTA) and demonstrate their catalytic efficiency for the selective reduction of nitroarenes. The Ag/TiO2 assemblies, which show large surface areas (119–128 m2 ̈g ́1) and narrow-sized mesopores (ca. 7.1–7.4 nm), perform as highly active catalysts for the reduction of nitroarenes, giving the corre...

Worldwide, hydrogen is gaining ground since it a promising alternative energy source to conventional fuels, which include fossil fuel. Thus, numerous techniques generate have been suggested. This literature review describes the challenges and obstacles identified through series of publications that target hydrolysis sodium borohydride. present several catalysts reactor systems for generation ga...

We report the facile one-pot single-phase syntheses of silver nanoparticles stabilized by norbornene type cationic polymers. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) stabilized by polyguanidino oxanorbornenes (PG) at 5 and 25 kDa and polyamino oxanorbornenes (PA) at 3 and 15 kDa have been synthesized by the reduction of silver ions with NaBH4 in aqueous solutions at ambient temperature. The four different ...

The effects of palladium addition and the reduction methods on Au/TiO2 were investigated. Pd was loaded on TiO2 firstly by incipient-wetness impregnation, Au was then loaded by deposition-precipitation method. The nominal loadings of Au and Pd were 1 wt% and 0.01 wt%. The bimetallic catalysts were reduced by heating at 453 K, by flowing H2 at 423 K, or by NaBH4 at 298 K. The catalysts were char...