Introduction: Efficient optical beam splitters are a key component in photonic integrated circuits (PICs). Multimode interference (MMI) couplers have the advantages of compact size, low loss, stable splitting ratio, large optical bandwidth, and good fabrication tolerances [1, 2]. One of the major applications of MMI couplers is power splitters. To date, high performance in output uniformity is ...

Optical couplers are very important devices in optical communication systems and optical sensor systems. Several types of optical couplers with different materials or different transmission characteristics have been reported. Here we propose a semi-reciprocal polarization maintaining fibre coupler with unique transmission characteristics, which is distinct from conventional polarization maintai...

A development project was carried out at DESY, aimed at reducing secondary electron emission and multipactor effects in TESLA couplers by TiN layers generation on surfaces which were not protected in this way previously. Thin TiN films on ceramic or metallic surfaces were produced by deposition from Ti vapor in low pressure ammonia. Selection of processing parameters and their effect on multipa...

We investigate experimentally metal-insulator-silicon-insulator-metal (MISIM) waveguides that are fabricated by using fully standard CMOS technology. They are hybrid plasmonic waveguides, and they have a feature that their insulator is replaceable with functional material. We explain a fabrication process for them and discuss fabrication results based on 8-inch silicon-on-insulator wafers. We m...

This paper presents an overview of integrated optical signal routing based on the principle of electro-optic effects. There are some specific types of materials whose refractive index changes due to the application of the electric field. Lithium-niobate (LiNbO 3) and gallium arsenide are some important electro-optic materials. Due to the application of the voltage across electrode present in on...

Plasmonic metal-insulator-metal waveguide (MIM WG) is a promising building block of devices plasmonic computing system, and metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) WG offers high-speed detection plasmon signals. MIM MSM couplers are an essential component any integrated system that requires interface between the electronic circuits. However, have not yet been explored systematically studied. This work ...

The worldwide use of precast concrete frames leads to an increase in the need for the investigation of efficient precast connections, particularly in the seismic regions. The current paper provides a numerical and experimental study on a dry precast connection. Experiments were conducted to validate the finite element method in the laboratory of the University of Science and Culture. To verify ...

We report the fabrication of broadband directional couplers by direct UV-writing. The fabrication process is shown to be beneficial, robust and flexible. The components are compact and show superior performance in terms of loss and broadband operation.

PT-Symmetry is one of the interesting topics in quantum mechanics and optics. One of the demonstration of PT-Symmetric effects in optics is appeared in the nonlinear directional coupler (NLDC). In the paper we numerically investigate the stability of temporal bright solitons propagate in a PT-Symmetric NLDC by considering gain in bar and loss in cross. By using the analytical solutions of pertu...