The first case of poliomyelitis was reported in Korea in 1939. The inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) and the oral polio vaccine (OPV) were introduced in 1958 and 1962, respectively. The National Immunization Program (NIP) was established in 1966 and poliomyelitis was designated as a second-class communicable disease [1]. The number of reported cases decreased dramatically from 6541 in 1960e1964 t...

Phosphate reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule occurs mostly via the type IIa Na(+)-phosphate cotransporter (NaP(i)-IIa) in the brush border membrane (BBM). The activity and localization of NaP(i)-IIa are regulated, among other factors, by parathyroid hormone (PTH). NaP(i)-IIa interacts in vitro via its last three COOH-terminal amino acids with the PDZ protein Na(+)/H(+)-exchanger isoform ...

Study objectives To investigate the temporal evolution of sleep EEG changes in adolescents across two cycles of sleep restriction and recovery simulating an intense school week and to examine the effect of an afternoon nap on nocturnal sleep. Methods A parallel-group design, quasi-laboratory study was conducted in a student hostel. Fifty-seven adolescents (31 males, age = 15-19 years) were ra...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS The purpose of this study was to describe the real-life conditions of use, efficacy, safety, and acceptability of sodium phosphate (NaP) tablets for colon cleansing in routine medical practice in France. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 996 patients undergoing bowel preparation were enrolled by 108 gastroenterologists in this observational, longitudinal, prospective, ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Proteinuria assessment is key in investigating chronic kidney disease (CKD) but uncertainty exists regarding optimal methods. Albuminuria, reflecting glomerular damage, is usually measured, but non-albumin proteinuria (NAP), reflecting tubular damage, may be important. This study investigated the prevalence and associations of albuminuria and NAP, and the optimum number...

BACKGROUND Adequate bowel preparation is essential for accurate colonoscopy. Both oral sodium phosphate (NaP) and polyethylene glycol-based lavage (PEG-ELS) are used predominantly as bowel cleansing modalities. NaP has gained popularity due to low drinking volume and lower costs. The purpose of this randomized multicenter observer blinded study was to compare three groups of cleansing (NaP, NaP...

To clarify the underlying mechanism of low neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) activity in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CMI). CMI neutrophils were cultured in liquid medium with different numbers of monocytes. Alkaline phosphatase activity in CML neutrophils. assessed cytochemically. increased with the numbers of monocytes. NAP activity was not induced by the interaction between neutrophils ...

We evaluated the characteristics of the persistent sodium current (I(NaP)) in pyramidal neurons of layers II/III and V in slices of rat sensorimotor cortex using whole cell patch-clamp recordings. In both layers, I(NaP) began activating around -60 mV and was half-activated at -43 mV. The I(NaP) peak amplitude and density were significantly higher in layer V. The voltage-dependent I(NaP) steady-...

The persistent sodium current (I(NaP)) is known to play a role in rhythm generation in different systems. Here, we investigated its contribution to locomotor pattern generation in the neonatal rat spinal cord. The locomotor network is mainly located in the ventromedial gray matter of upper lumbar segments. By means of whole cell recordings in slices, we characterized membrane and I(NaP) biophys...

Activity-dependent neurotrophic factor (ADNF) is a glia-derived protein that is neuroprotective at femtomolar concentrations. A nine-amino acid peptide derived from ADNF (Ser-Ala-Leu-Leu-Arg-Ser-Ile-Pro-Ala; ADNF-9) captured the activity of the parent protein and has been reported to protect cultured neurons from multiple neurotoxins. Antibodies recognizing ADNF-9 produced neuronal apoptosis, a...