نتایج جستجو برای: natural transformation
تعداد نتایج: 689791 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The concept of conflict transformation emerges as a perspective that challenges certain assumptions of conflict resolution and conflict management (Lederach, 2003). The idea of transformation does not entail the elimination or control of conflict, and rather regards conflict as a natural source of change, which is reflected in the transformation of attitudes, assumptions and behaviours, among o...
This paper presents a numerical solution for vibration analysis of a cantilever trapezoidal thick plate. The material of the plate is considered to be graded through the thickness from a metal surface to a ceramic one according to a power law function. Kinetic and strain energies are derived based on the Reissner-Mindlin theory for thick plates and using Hamilton's principle, the governing equa...
In the present paper, we propose a new theory named “Theory of indeterminate natural transformation (TINT)” to investigate the dynamical creation of meanings as association relationships between images, focusing on the metaphor comprehension as an example. TINT models the meaning creation as a kind of stochastic processes based on the mathematical structure defined by association relationships ...
In literature it is described in great detail how class diagrams and ER diagrams or UML class diagrams are derived from natural language sentences. It is normally assumed, that there is a direct correspondence between natural language elements (e.g., words) and conceptual model elements. We do not strictly follow this assumption because of the complexity of natural language with its ambiguities...
چکیده : بیماریهای قارچی سالانه خسارات فراوانی به محصولات کشاورزی وارد می کنند. با توجه به اهمیت بیماری های ایجاد شده توسط قارچهای گیاهی مختلف و بالا بودن خسارات آنها بر روی برنج، گندم و کلزا ودیگر محصولات کشاورزی ، بررسی راه های مقابله با این قارچ ها و اتخاذ استراتژی های مناسب در مدیریت و کنترل این بیماری ها ضروری است. یکی از استراتژی هایی که امروزه مورد توجه می باشد، استفاده از میکروارگانیسم ...
The effect of foodstuffs on the natural transformation of Bacillus subtilis was investigated. As examples of complex food matrices milk with various fat contents as well as chocolate milk were used. The frequencies of transformation varied with the fat content and ranged between 3.8 X 10(-4) and 1.4 X 10(-3). Highest frequencies of about 3 X 10(-3) were observed in chocolate milk with 1.5% fat....
DNA molecules are continuously released through decomposition of organic matter and are ubiquitous in most environments. Such DNA becomes fragmented and damaged (often <100 bp) and may persist in the environment for more than half a million years. Fragmented DNA is recognized as nutrient source for microbes, but not as potential substrate for bacterial evolution. Here, we show that fragmented D...
Recent evidence has indicated that natural genetic transformation occurs in Vibrio cholerae, and that it requires both induction by chitin oligosaccharides, like chitohexaose, and expression of a putative regulatory gene designated tfoX. Using sequence and phylogenetic analyses we have found two tfoX paralogues in all sequenced genomes of the genus Vibrio. Like V. cholerae, when grown in chitoh...
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a member of the family Pasteurellaceae and a major causative agent of periodontitis. While several genera from this family are known to be competent for transformation, A. actinomycetemcomitans has yet to be fully characterized. Here we show that the competence of A. actinomycetemcomitans is remarkably similar to that of Haemophilus influenzae. In additio...
Streptococcus mutans is a bacterium that has evolved to be dependent upon a biofilm "lifestyle" for survival and persistence in its natural ecosystem, dental plaque. We initiated this study to identify the genes involved in the development of genetic competence in S. mutans and to assay the natural genetic transformability of biofilm-grown cells. Using genomic analyses, we identified a quorum-s...
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