RICHARD D. HOLBEN Ford Aerospace & Communications Corp. exchange of heat between the target boundary surface and the immediate surroundings (background). The loss of contrast between the target and background with range to the observer is mainly caused by atmospheric scatter and absorption [5]. As a result, the boundary of the target in the image is not very sharp and many times there is an int...

Scan and deliver: By combining imaging-based spectral/spatial 2D radiofrequency manipulations (see scheme, left) with Hadamard-weighting principles, 2D NMR spectra can be retrieved within a single scan (right). This approach can give homo- or heteronuclear correlations with an enhanced sensitivity over conventional ultrafast 2D NMR spectroscopy.

The Brazilian savanna, locally known as "cerrado", is the most intensely stressed biome with both naturaland human-induced pressures. In this study, we aimed to improve discrimination and characterization of the Brazilian cerrado physiognomies using hyperspectral Hyperion imagery, the first space-borne imaging spectrometer onboard the NASA's Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) platform. A Hyperion image w...

Ion-molecule complexation dynamics were studied with CH3SCN and Li(+) in acetonitrile by vibrationally probing the nitrile stretching vibration of CH3SCN. The nitrile stretching vibration of CH3SCN has a long lifetime (T1 = ∼90 ps) and its frequency is significantly blue-shifted when CH3SCN is bound with Li(+) ions to form a CH3SCNLi(+) complex in acetonitrile. Such spectral properties enable u...

We present a scheme for the first-principles calculation of EPR lineshapes for continuous-wave-EPR spectroscopy (cw-EPR) of spin centers in complex chemical environments. We specifically focus on poorly characterized systems, e.g. powders and frozen glasses with variable microsolvation structures. Our approach is based on ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and ab initio calculations of th...

The interaction between surface and subsurface waters through hyporheic exchange and baseflow is critical to maintaining ecological health in streams. During warm periods, groundwater-surface water interactions have two primary effects on stream temperature: (1) cool groundwater discharging as baseflow lowers stream temperature and (2) hyporheic exchange buffers diurnal stream temperature varia...

We perform a systematic study of the resonant transmission of visible and near-infrared (NIR) light through a single subwavelength slit in a gold film when the parameters defining the structure are varied. We further examine the optical properties of a related nanostructure, a cross with subwavelength sized features. Focused ion beam (FIB) milling was used to fabricate nanoslits and crosses wit...

Resolving for changes in concentration of tissue chromophores in the human adult brain with near-infrared spectroscopy has generally been based on the assumption that optical scattering and pathlength remain constant. We have used a novel hybrid optical spectrometer that combines multi-distance frequency and broadband systems to investigate the changes in scattering and pathlength during a Vals...

Cement manufacture has undergone extensive change in its attempts to rise to the successive challenges posed by society. The hydration of Portland cement is a complex phenomenon that depends on both reagent characteristics and reaction conditions. It is a well-known fact that the curing temperature plays an important role on the hydration kinetics. The present study is the first to be undertake...