Abstract Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) was born out of the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act in backdrop highly racialised otherizing fears about mythical “welfare queen.” However, perception Black exploitation public benefits to White detriment is not exclusively a modern phenomenon. One its original manifestations can be found reactions Free...

Although it is known that adolescents in secure residential care often show multiple behavior problems, it is largely unknown which dynamic risk factors are associated with their problems. The aim of the present study is to examine dynamic risk factors for 164 Dutch adolescents in secure residential care. Results show that a majority reports multiple risk factors in both an individual and conte...

The 1997 creation of the Hope and Lifetime Learning Tax Credits marked a dramatic shift in the way in which federal support for college expenses is distributed to students and their families. Unlike other aid programs, the tax credits have exceptionally broad eligibility requirements, and there is a significant delay between when a recipient enrolls in college and when they receive the benefit....

D U R I N G T H E 4 YEARS of its operation, the food stamp plan, administered by the Food Distribution Administration of the U . S. Department of Agriculture, enabled large numbers of families throughout the United States to improve their diets. Although the plan was established in May 1939, at a time of food surpluses, primarily to increase agricultural income by increasing the demand for surp...

Abstract The passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) in 1996 devolved responsibility for design welfare programs from federal to state governments U.S. strategies implemented achieve some main goals reform might have had effects reducing protection received by most vulnerable households increasing differences benefit levels across states. We estim...

China has entered the era of post-poverty alleviation, which effectively links poverty alleviation achievements with rural revitalization strategies. In in order to promote sustainable development poor areas, local colleges and universities should actively nurture self-development skills needy. Local guide transformation ideas concepts, scientifically optimize allocation resources, improve inte...