India has been following English law for certain principles that are well developed in common law. On the issue of medical negligence, India had adopted the principle laid down in the Bolam case which held that a doctor is not negligent if what he has done would be endorsed by a responsible body of medical opinion in the relevant specialty at the material time. This was followed until 2001 when...

In the U.S. physicians and other medical providers are subject to a negligence rule of liability. Under a negligence rule a patient who is injured as a result of medical care is entitled to compensation only if he or she can show that the injury was caused by the physician's failure to take due care. Given a finding of liability, compensation is determined by a civil jury. In recent years the f...

A promisor is strictly liable for breaching a contract, according to the standard account. However, a negligence-based system of contract law can be given an economic interpretation, and this Article shows that such a system is in some respects more attractive than the strict-liability system. This may explain why, as a brief discussion of cases shows, negligence ideas continue to play a role i...