Leucocytozoonosis was found in three layer farms in chickens with suspected fatty liver or fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in Korea between 2009 and 2011. These layer chicken flocks showed both mortality and decreased egg production for one or two weeks when they were between 59 and 82 weeks old. At the necropsy, the most prominent gross lesions were found in the liver, which was enlarged, had...

From unincubated quail blastoderms, we have excised, caudal marginal zones (caudally from Rauber's sickle), upper layer fragments covering Rauber's sickle or Rauber's sickle fragments alone (as controls), and placed them on the ventral side of the cranial quadrant of unincubated chicken blastoderms. Also, quail Rauber's sickle fragments, all or not associated with quail endophyll, were placed o...

This paper evaluates quality of services for the mobile ad hoc network’s routing protocols. It is seen that mobile ad hoc networks will be an integral part of next generation networks because of its flexibility, infrastructure less nature, ease of maintenance, auto configuration, self administration capabilities, and cost effectiveness. This research paper shows comparative evaluation within mo...

The distribution of galanin-containing nervous elements in the chicken pancreas was investigated by use of immunohistochemical method. Galanin-immunoreactive nerve fibres formed a perivascular plexus and a dense network in the subepithelial layer of secretory ducts. The muscle layers of secretory ducts were also supplied with galanin-immunoreactive nerve fibres. The exocrine pancreas received a...

The six-layered neocortex is a unique characteristic of mammals and likely provides the neural basis of their sophisticated cognitive abilities. Although all mammalian species share the layered structure of the neocortex, the sauropsids exhibit an entirely different cytoarchitecture of the corresponding pallial region. Our previous gene expression study revealed that the chicken pallium possess...

Corticothalamic projection systems arise from 2 main cortical layers. Layer V neurons project exclusively to higher-order thalamic nuclei, while layer VIa fibers project to both first-order and higher-order thalamic nuclei. During early postnatal development, layer VIa and VIb fibers accumulate at the borders of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) before they innervate it. After neonat...