An ant colony algorithm is proposed to improve the net present values of resource-constrained projects since the net present value is a critical criterion for a project with a long time span and considerable cash flows. The algorithm adaptively adjusts the allocation of scarce resources according to the pheromone generated by artificial ants in the previous iterations so as to maximize the proj...

هدف اصلی این مقاله، ارائه نتایج ارزیابی اقتصادی پروژه احداث راه میان بر سربیشه خراسان جنوبی به بازارچه مرزی میل 78 و نیز معرفی آثار اقتصادی- اجتماعی اجرای این طرح می باشد. ابتدا ضمن معرفی خصوصیات منطقه مورد مطالعه (استان خراسان جنوبی و شهرستان سربیشه)، وضعیت موجود مسیرهای مورد مطالعه و نیز مسیر پیشنهادی سه قطعه ای و ارائه آنالیزی از هزینه های احداث و به سازی هر یک از قطعات پیشنهادی با منافع حاص...

based on valuation model of residual earnings, we cannot use earnings and losses of balance sheet items recorded in fair value for valuation purposes, for the balance sheet provides a perfect estimate of such items’ value. the purpose of this study is to examine whether net financial expenses are related to the market price of stocks in iran, because after initial recording of financial debts, ...

the objective of this study was to determine the optimum replacement strategy using dynamic programming for dairy herds in fars province. a dairy cow is kept several lactations for milk production in the herd. after spending several lactations, milk production gradually begins to decline, while animal health problems rises simultaneously. so one of the most important management decisions of dai...