Germinal matrix–intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) is a common and characteristic form of intracranial hemorrhage occurring in the premature infant. The hemorrhage originates in small blood vessels in the subependymal germinal matrix (also termed the ganglionic eminence) and may disrupt the ependymal lining and extend into the lateral ventricle. Severe IVH consists of large amounts of intrav...

Rationale: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common cause for neurodisability among poor populations in developing countries, including Bangladesh. Some studies have shown that ganciclovir therapy is effective in reducing neurodevelopmental morbidity; while others remain equivocal. Objective : The objective of this study was to evaluate neurodevelopmental outcome of children with symptomatic...

The objective was to follow up a cohort of acidotic full-term infants with or without hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and determine if at 7 years they displayed any neurodevelopmental delays. Children (n=44) were divided according to those with mild (n=25) or severe (n=19) acidosis and were then further subdivided into those with or without HIE. Participants were assessed using the Wechsl...

OBJECTIVE Erythropoietin has been reported to possess neuroprotective properties in animal studies. No previous studies have investigated the neurodevelopmental outcome of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rEpo) and evaluated it at school age. METHODS Of 200 ELBW infants treated from 1993 to 1998, 171 (86%) survived, and 148 (87%) were fo...

OBJECTIVES To determine the long-term neurodevelopmental outcome for children after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) without major disability, and to examine neonatal injury patterns detected on cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in relation to later deficits. STUDY DESIGN Prospectively enrolled children with HIE and neonatal cerebral MRI data (n = 68) were examined at a mean age ...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of emotional, behavioral, and learning disorders in children exposed in utero to hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) and to identify prognostic factors for these disorders. STUDY DESIGN Neurodevelopmental outcomes of 312 children from 203 mothers with HG were compared to neurodevelopmental outcomes from 169 children from 89 unaffected ...

Low birth weight (LBW<2500), very low birth weight (VLBW<1500), extremely low birth weight (ELBW<1500) infants are at high risk for growth failure that result in delayed development. Africa is a continent that presents high rates of children born with LBW, VLBW and ELBW particularly sub-Saharan Africa. To review the existing literature that explores the repercussions of LBW, VLBW and ELBW on gr...

OBJECTIVE Outcome of patients is determined not only by severity of illness index, but also by the impact of patients' preadmission comorbid status. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating the outcome of patients treated in a pediatric intensive care unit, with special focus on the group of children with chronic diseases. METHODS Data were obtained prospectively and outcome was assessed according t...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the odds of severe cerebral injury and long-term neurodevelopmental impairment in monochorionic twins treated with amnioreduction versus laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on cerebral injury and long-term impairment after amnioreduction versus laser surgery were conducted. Odds ratios (OR) with their...

OBJECTIVE To determine the ability of neonatal clinical, audiologic, and computed tomography (CT) findings to predict long-term neurodevelopmental outcome in children with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. METHODS Longitudinal cohort study of children (n = 41) with symptomatic congenital CMV infection evaluated at birth and followed up with serial age-appropriate neurode...