Leishmaniasis is a parasitosis caused by several species of the genus Leishmania, an obligate intramacrophagic parasite. Although neurologic symptoms have been observed in human cases of leishmaniasis, the manifestation of neurodegenerative processes is poorly studied. The aim of the present work was to investigate if peripheral infection of BALB/c mice with Leishmania amazonensis affects tau p...

BACKGROUND Sydenham's chorea is the neurologic manifestation of rheumatic fever and is a diagnosis of exclusion requiring only the presence of frank chorea in the absence of another neurologic disorder. Two thirds of children with Sydenham's chorea also have rheumatic carditis (pathologic mitral valve regurgitation). Although there are similar neuropsychiatric symptoms and preceding group A bet...

An 11-year-old female presenting diplopia only at distance was found to have comitant esotropia of 20 prism diopters (PD) at distance and normal alignment at nearer proximity. Other ocular movement, including abduction, was normal and a thorough neurologic examination was also normal. The deviation angle of esotropia was increased to 35 PD in 6 months, and a brain magnetic resonance imaging wit...

PURPOSE Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis is a storage disease that usually leads to severe mental and neurologic deterioration before the diagnosis and start of treatment are established. We identified major ocular and systemic characteristics that may enable a diagnosis to be made earlier. METHODS Ten patients (group 1) of the University Hospital Nijmegen, with a diagnosis of cerebrotendinous ...

Dr. Felipe Slaviero – Serviço de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia Rua Teixeira Soares 640 99010-901 Passo Fundo RS Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] The malignant atrophic papulosis (MAP) was first described by Köhlmeier in 1941 and recognized as a specific entity by Degos in 1942. This rare disorder is an obstructive vasculopathy of unknown origin, characterized by vascular lesions of the s...

Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is clinically characterized by rapidly progressive dementia combined with other cardinal symptoms, such as myoclonus, visual or cerebellar disturbances, extrapyramidal or pyramidal disturbance, and akinetic mutism. However, as an initial manifestation, focal neurologic deficits other than the aforementioned or nonspecific generalized symptoms may lead to...

Cholesterol emboli syndrome is a relatively rare, but potentially devastating, manifestation of atherosclerotic disease. Cholesterol emboli syndrome is characterized by waves of arterio-arterial embolization of cholesterol crystals and atheroma debris from atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta or its large branches to small or medium caliber arteries (100-200 μm in diameter) that frequently occu...

Although the prevalence of many psychiatric and neurologic disorders after head injury has been studied, there remains relatively little research on psychosis due to TBI. Psychosis due to TBI, also referred to as PD TBI in the literature is characterized by the presence of hallucinations and/or delusions in the aftermath of traumatic brain injury. The diagnosis is difficult to make because it r...

Facial palsy in childhood may result from a variety of diseases. However, it rarely presents initially as cardiac myxoma. In this article, we report on a 12-year-old boy who suffered from recurrent facial palsy as the initial clinical manifestation, which resolved spontaneously within several days of hospital admission. The predisposing factor of the symptom was physical exercise. Brain magneti...

BACKGROUND Schistosoma mansoni is a parasitic trematoid worm that infects humans. Schistosomiasis is endemic in parts of South America, sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and some Caribbean islands. Disorders of the liver and gastrointestinal tract are the most common clinical manifestations. The central nervous system is not usually affected. The most common neurologic manifestation is trans...