not submitted. Antiepileptic drugs and neuroprotection

...........................................................................................viii Abbreviations used in text....................................................................xi CHAPTER 1: General Introduction.........................................................1 I. Cardiac Arrest and Cerebral Ischemia............................................1 II. The Cerebellum and Purkin...

Impart Neuroprotection to an α and TNF

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The concept of neuroprotection is based on sound scientific data derived in preclinical studies. However, candidate neuroprotectants have never been successfully translated to patients. METHODS A review of past approaches to cellular and molecular neuroprotection, preclinical neuroprotection studies, and clinical approaches was undertaken. RESULTS Although there is no...

A variety of aromatic trifluoromethyl ketone derivatives has been studied as inhibitors of apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). Among them, alpha-trifluoromethyl diketone (2) and benzyl trifluoromethyl ketone (11) were found to be apoptosis inhibitors which can prevent a neurodegenerative disease. Compounds 2 and 11 showed neuroprotection effect on low K+-induced apoptosis in CGNs. F...

More than 5.5 million Americans of all ages are suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD) till today for which no suitable therapy has been developed so far. Thus, there is an urgent need to explore novel therapeutic measures contain brain pathology in AD. The hallmark AD includes amyloid-beta peptide (AβP) deposition and phosphorylation tau brain. Recent evidences also suggest a marked decrease ...

Endocannabinoids are involved in neuroprotection through numerous biochemical pathways. We have shown that the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) is released in mouse brain after closed head injury (CHI), and treatment with exogenous 2-AG exerts neuroprotection via the central cannabinoid receptor CB1. This process involves inhibition of inflammatory signals that are mediated by act...

In a previous study, we found that intracerebral administration of excitotoxin (RS)-(tetrazole-5yl) glycine caused increased neural damage in the brain in an endothelial COX-2 deleted mouse line (Tie2Cre COX-2(flox/flox) ). In this study, we investigated whether prostacyclin might mediate this endothelial COX-2-dependent neuroprotection. Administration of excitotoxin into the striatum induced t...

Recent studies suggest that a variety of medical gases confer neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia, extending function beyond their regular clinical applications. The mechanisms underlying ischemic neuroprotection afforded by medical gases have been intensively studied over the past two decades. A number of signaling pathways have been proposed, among which anti-inflammatory signal...

In recent years, preclinical and basic science efforts have resulted in significant advances in developing and testing novel preclinical models and assessing potential therapeutic agents. Many of these attempts have focused on neuroprotective strategies. The concept of neuroprotection is based on the assumption that neurodegenerative processes associated with disease and/or aging can be slowed,...