OBJECTIVE To compile data on Tourette's syndrome (TS), tics and associated disorders. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted using the 5S levels of organization of healthcare research evidence (systems, summaries, synopses, syntheses, studies), based on the model described by Haynes. The search keywords were Tourette, tics and comorbidity, which were cross-referenced. Stu...

Sneddon syndrome is a rare, progressive disease that affects relatively young people, mainly female, and manifests itself in two main symptoms: livedo reticularis recurrent cerebral infarctions. First described 1965 by the English dermatologist Ian Bruce Sneddon, named his honor unites heterogeneous group of diseases with different pathogenesis similar clinical manifestations. Skin manifestatio...

Cells transcribe thousands of RNAs that do not appear to encode proteins. The neuronal functions of these noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are for the most part not known, but specific ncRNAs have been shown to regulate dendritic spine development, neuronal fate specification and differentiation, and synaptic protein synthesis. ncRNAs have been implicated in a number of neuronal diseases including Toure...

SUMMARY Tourette syndrome is a childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics of at least one year in duration. This case report describes the history of a 16-year-old boy with a 6-year history of Tourette syndrome who was seriously disabled by his symptoms. Treatment with aripiprazole 10mg/d completely resolved his symptoms in about a month allowing hi...

Prader-Willi syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by mental retardation, dysmorphic features, and behavioral dysfunction, most notably food-related problems such as hyperphagia, food seeking, and a high risk for obesity (1). Although food-related symptoms are a hallmark of the disorder, other psychiatric manifestations are common and can lead to significant interference in the affected ...

Abstract Neuropsychiatric sequalae to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection are beginning emerge, like previous Spanish influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome episodes. Streptococcal in paediatric patients causing obsessive compulsive disorder (PANDAS) is another recent example of an infection-based psychiatric disorder. Inflammation associated with neuropsychiatric disorders h...

Evidence is accumulating that the mammalian circadian clock system considerably more complex than previously believed, also in terms of cell types actually contribute to generating oscillation within master clock, suprachiasmatic nuclei hypothalamus. Here we review evidence has lead identification a bona fide astrocytic and potential contribution such generation seasonal rhythmicity health neur...

With great interest, we read the recent article by İşlek et al. (1) “A rare outcome of iron deficiency and pica: Rapunzel syndrome in a 5-year-old child”. The authors discussed a girl who was referred with an abdominal mass and anemia, diagnosed with Rapunzel syndrome. She had no medical history that supported the presence of trichophagy or any psychiatric or neurological disorders. They mentio...

Delirium is an important neuropsychiatric syndrome in the elderly that is associated with an increase in mortality, impaired physical and cognitive recovery, and increased healthcare costs. Two important gaps in daily practice with delirium are the pathophysiological obscurity and the low recognition rates. Genetics offers the possibility to contribute knowledge to both of these gaps with its u...

WITH CEREBRAL FOLATE DEFICIENCY Cerebral folate deficiency (CFD) has been defined as any neuropsychiatric condition associated with isolated lowering of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5MTHF) levels in CSF and normal systemic folate metabolism.1 CFD has been detected in the infantile-onset CFD syndrome (mediated by serum folate receptor [FR] autoantibodies of the blocking type1) and Aicardi-Goutières...