Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a form of neuropathic pain that affects the fifth cranial nerve, the most widely distributed nerve in the head. Although TN has been associated with a variety of pathological conditions, neurovascular compression on the trigeminal nerve, as it exits the brain stem, is the most frequent reported cause. This compression provides a progressive demyelination of the nerv...

Neurovascular compression syndromes (NVC) result from a compression of the entry/exit zone of cranial nerves by a vessel at the surface of the brainstem. Surgical intervention planning (SIP) for NVC enables a comprehensive spatial understanding of the patient specific anatomy. Specifically, brainstem, vessels and nerves are segmented in NVC SIP. To support segmentation for NVC SIP, we propose a...

Anatomical variations of pancreatic head and uncinate process are rarely encountered in clinical practice. These variations are primarily attributed to the complex development of the pancreas. An unduly enlarged uncinate process of the pancreas overlapping the third part of duodenum was discovered during dissection. This malformation of the pancreatic uncinate process was considered to be due t...

During the first half of this century, various syndromes attributed to compression of neural and vascular structures in the anatomic area of the thoracic outlet have been described. These include the cervical rib, scalene anticus, costoclavicular, first dorsal rib, and hyperabduction syndromes. This complex array of subdivisions has engendered some confusion in diagnosis and treatment. Although...

Department of Surgical Specialties, Division of Neurosurgery, Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil; Department of Neurology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brazil. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a syndrome characterized by paroxysms of facial pain affecting mainly middle and oldaged patients. Although TN’s pathogenesis is not ful...

Chronic spinal cord compression is the most common cause of spinal cord impairment worldwide. Objective of this study is to assess the ultrastructural features of the neurovascular unit (NVU) in a rat model of chronic compressive spinal cord injury, 24 SD rats were divided into two groups: the control group (n = 12), and the compression group (n = 12). A C6 semi-laminectomy was performed in the...

This review article provides doctors and dentists with an introduction to the clinical applications and significance of magnetic resonance cisternography (MRC) for the evaluation of neurovascular compression of the trigeminal nerve in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Specifically, the method and characteristics of MRC are first explained using the relevant MR sequences. Next, clinical a...

We describe a case of femoral nerve palsy caused due to non-infective large iliopsoas bursitis after 10 years of cementless ceramic-on-metal THA. Bursectomy and exploration of femoral nerve were done to relieve the compressive symptoms of femoral nerve. Patient neurological symptoms were recovered within six months. Iliopsoas bursitis after THA can lead to anterior hip pain, lump in inguinal ar...