The systemic lipid modifying drug, niacin, can directly improve human microvascular endothelial cell angiogenic function under lipotoxic conditions, possibly through activation of niacin receptors "Niacin receptor activation improves human microvascular endothelial cell angiogenic function during lipotoxicity" (Hughes-Large et al. 2014). Here we provide accompanying data collected using Affymet...

UNLABELLED In patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), FDG PET imaging is often problematic because of poor uptake of FDG. Different protocols have been used; however, these have not been directly compared in patients with NIDDM who have both coronary artery disease (CAD) and severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, for which defining viability is most relevant. The aim o...

CONTEXT HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) have a unique dyslipidemia [elevated triglycerides and non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low HDL-C] with insulin resistance (characterized by hypoadiponectinemia). OBJECTIVE The aim was to test a targeted, comprehensive, additive approach to treating the dyslipidemia. DESIGN AND SETTING We conducted a randomized, double-bl...

In 1945, Krehl et al. (2) noted that the growth of rats was depressed by decreasing the casein content of a basal diet from 15 to 9 per cent through addition of 40 per cent of corn. The depression in growth could be corrected by addition of either niacin or tryptophan to the diet. Since this observation, numerous investigators have been concerned with factors that were considered to be related ...

OBJECTIVE Previous studies have suggested that niacin treatment raises glucose levels in patients with diabetes and may increase the risk of developing diabetes. We undertook a meta-analysis of published and unpublished data from randomised trials to confirm whether an association exists between niacin and new-onset diabetes. METHODS We searched Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Regist...

BACKGROUND We previously reported in a placebo-controlled study that extended-release niacin slowed the progression of carotid atherosclerosis when added to statin monotherapy. This analysis examines the relationship between glycemic status and the effects of niacin on common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and HDL cholesterol. METHODS Post-hoc, subgroup analysis of ARBITER 2, a randomi...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the benefit of niacin in addition to statin therapy on plaque regression among older individuals with established atherosclerosis. DESIGN Randomised, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. SETTING University outpatient center. PATIENTS 145 patients older than 65 years, half of them older than 75 years of age, with established atherosclerosis were enrolled. INTERV...

NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) biosynthesis is vital for bacterial physiology and plays an important role in cellular metabolism. A naturally occurring vitamin B complex, niacin (nicotinic acid), is a precursor of coenzymes NAD and NADP. Here, we study the impact of niacin on global gene expression of Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 and elucidate the role of NiaR as a transcriptional regu...

When niacin-requiring E. coli was starved of niacin, a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), the cells elongated and synthesis of DNA was inhibited while syntheses of RNA and protein continued. The cellular NAD concentration decreased to less than one tenth of the normal level in niacin deficiency, but no change in DNA ligase level was detected. The apparent inhibition of DNA sy...

The oral administration of neomycin or niacin as single-drug therapy can significantly lower total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in patients with type II hyperlipoproteinemia. However, in the majority of patients treated with one of these drugs as sole therapy plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations do not normalize. The effect of combined neomycin (2 g/day) and nia...