ABSTRACT The common corrosion inhibitor, 1H-benzotriazole (Bz), found as a component of glycol-based aircraft deicers, and its derivatives such as 5-chloro-1H-benzotriazole (CBz), 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole (HBz), and 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (MBz), are all potential nitrification inhibitors. The inhibitory effect on the nitrification of urea-N fertilizer in agricultural soils was examined over a...

Field measurements in the Arcachon Bay (south-west France) indicated anaerobic production of NOx via nitrification which was coupled to the reduction of Mn-oxides. To provide evidence for the occurrence of this process, laboratory microcosm experiments were set up. A N tracer based approach was used to track if NOx produced through Mn-oxide mediated anaerobic nitrification would be reduced to N...

*Correspondence: Kazuo Isobe, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan e-mail: akisobe@ mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp Topography affects the soil physicochemistry, soil N dynamics, and plant distribution and growth in forests. In Japan, many forests are found in mountainous area...

Soil microorganisms are important sources of the nitrogen trace gases NO and N2O for the atmosphere. Present evidence suggests that autotrophic nitrifiers such as Nitrosomonas europaea are the primary producers of NO and N2O in aerobic soils, whereas denitrifiers such as Pseudomonas spp. or Alcaligenes spp. are responsible for most of the NO and N2O emissions from anaerobic soils. It has been s...

Anthropogenic activities, and in particular the use of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer, have doubled global annual reactive N inputs in the past 50-100 years, causing deleterious effects on the environment through increased N leaching and nitrous oxide (N2 O) and ammonia (NH3 ) emissions. Leaching and gaseous losses of N are greatly controlled by the net rate of microbial nitrification. Exten...

Partial nitrification was reported to be technically feasible and economically favorable, especially for wastewater with high ammonium concentration or low C/N ratio. In this study, the effect of dissolved oxygen (DO) and influent ratio of chemical oxygen demand to nitrogen (COD/N) ratio on biological nitrogen removal from synthetic wastewater was investigated. Experiments were conducted in mov...

The ability of marine microbes to develop tolerance to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was examined in a 90-day experiment. PAH levels in sediment were increased 0.3 and 1.6 times compared to the control sediment. Day 30, 60, and 90 the microbes were re-exposed to PAHs in a short-term toxicity test to detect tolerance, where nitrification and denitrification were used as endpoints. In a...

Investigations were performed on soils of different acidity, ranging in the pH interval 4.65–5.80 (in water). Changes of the mineral nitrogen forms in the examined soils were studied by applying short-term incubation experiments performed under aerobic conditions, with a humidity of 30 % and a temperature of 20 °C, both with and without the addition of 100 and 300 ppm NH4–N. The results of the ...

Aerated-anoxic processes operate under the principle that small additions of oxygen to an anoxic reactor induce simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. In these systems, ammonia oxidation in the anoxic zone can easily account for 30-50% of the total nitrification in the reactor, even though the dissolve oxygen concentration is usually below detection limit. To investigate whether the ni...

The simultaneous removal of formaldehyde and ammonium in aerobic cultures and the inhibitory effect of formaldehyde on ammonium oxidation were investigated. The influence of a co-substrate, methanol, on formaldehyde biodegradation and on the nitrification process was also evaluated. Formaldehyde was completely removed at all concentrations tested (30–3890 mg dm−3) in assays with that compound a...