Occupational regulations are developed to conserve the hearing of a worker noise-exposed for 8 h per day. Workers often work longer shifts. In order to account for longer exposures, regulators have adopted variations of the equal energy hypothesis in which the ear is modeled as an integrator of acoustic energy over time. Thus time and energy can be traded to produce equal hearing loss. This res...

Noisiness is an important experience in the product domain, because everyday products may contribute to noise pollution. Some products, such as a vacuum cleaner or a washing machine, make harsh and unpleasant sounds. Other products may be less noisy, but working together may be quite distracting and annoying for their users. In a broad context, noise refers to irrelevant or superfluous informat...

background: noise is one of the most important harmful agents in work environment. noise pollution in oil refinery industries is related to workers' health. this study aimed to determine the overall noise pollution of an oil refinery operation and its frequency analysis to determine the control plan for a vent noise in these industries. methods: this experimental study performed in control unit...

Infrared (IR), a new medium for indoor wireless communication system due to its abundant bandwidth that is virtually untapped and freely available, is become more and more popular in indoor wireless communication systems. Based on Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS/CDMA) technique, infrared systems will use low power on transmission and reception by spreading spectrum which could...

As to the control of fuzzy sliding mode, this paper proposes a cerebellar learning model for on-line learning of the controller. Fuzzy sliding mode has excellent robustness to the system uncertainty and immunity to the noise of the external noise. As for the cerebellar learning mode, it possesses the advantages of easy and fast correction. The combination of the two leads to the design of a fuz...

1. KEY ISSUES Transportation noise can be regarded as a major environmental impact, particularly in residential areas. Its cost could represent close to 0.5 % of GDP in the European Union [1]. Considerable amounts of money are spent each year by the community to prevent or limit noise, through both the enforcement of regulations (emission and immission) and the use of economic instruments (char...

We analyze price adjustments in the housing market after an exogenous shock. Exploring continuous-time records of prices around a major European airport (ZRH, Switzerland), and an unexpected change in flight regulations induced by the neighboring country Germany, we find that apartment rents take about two years to stabilize to a new equilibrium value. After this period we find a constant marku...