Abstract In this paper, we study strong solutions of some non-local difference–differential equations linked to a class birth–death processes arising as discrete approximations Pearson diffusions by means spectral decomposition in terms orthogonal polynomials and eigenfunctions derivatives. Moreover, give stochastic representation such time-changed their invariant limit distribution. Finally, d...

We derive gravitational waves in a theory with non-local curvature corrections to the Hilbert-Einstein Lagrangian. In addition standard two massless tensor modes, plus and cross polarizations, helicity 2 angular frequency $\omega_{1}$, we obtain further scalar massive mode 0 $\omega_{2}$, whose polarization is transverse. It breathing mode, which, at lowest order of an effective parameter $\gam...

Low module coupling is considered to be a desirable quality for modular programs to have. Previously, coupling has been de ned subjectively, and not quanti ed, making it di cult to use in practice. In this paper, we extend previous work to re ect newer programming languages, and quantify coupling by developing a general software metric system that allows us to automatically measure coupling. We...

This thesis argues that principles of economy play an important role in determining the form of linguistic structures at the interface with the semantic component. The argument comes in the form of a variety of proposals regarding specific mechanisms that are active at this interface. Specifically, I suggest that Economy plays a role in determining relative scope, variable binding, and the form...