The aim of this study was to determine what the influence of different designs of face masks and different noninvasive ventilator modes would be upon total dynamic dead space. Using a spontaneous breathing model, total dynamic dead space was measured when using 19 commercially available face masks and a range of ventilators in various ventilation modes. Total dynamic dead space during spontaneo...

In an effort to reduce the complications related to invasive ventilation, the use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has increased over the last years in patients with acute respiratory failure. However, failure rates for NIV remain high in specific patient categories. Several studies have identified factors that contribute to NIV failure, including low experience of the medical team and patient-...

a study published in the previous issue of Critical Care, Gonçalves and colleagues [1] observed a 33% reduction in re-intubation rate in the study group, due to eff ective management of bronchial secretions. Current evidence favors early implementation of noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) in the post-extubation period to reduce re-intubation, especially in patients with hypercapnic respi...

we maintain mechanical ventilation for 3 weeks. Then, after the tube is removed, the patient continues with nasal nocturnal ventilation and intermittent positive-pressure ventilation for 20 min three times a day. If, despite this management, the patient requires invasive ventilation more than three times during the same year or requires nasal ventilation not only during sleeping, but also while...

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THE USE OF NONINVASIVE POSItive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) in acute respiratory failure to avoid the need for endotracheal intubation was first reported in the late 1980s by Meduri et al. The apparent successful application of this form of ventilation in this and other case series has led to more intensive scrutiny of this technology in randomized controlled trials. It appears that successful ...

Noninvasive ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis. J.A. Wedzicha, J-F. Muir. #ERS Journals Ltd 2002. ABSTRACT: Although long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) improves survival, it has little effect on hypoventilation and other outcomes in patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recent studies...