background: the negative symptoms of schizophrenia remain a major clinical challenge. nortriptyline is a serotonin and noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor and belongs to secondary amine tricycles. the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of nortriptyline on the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.   methods: this study is a six-week randomized placebo-control trial of nortriptyline or placebo...

aim and background:   stress of surgery transfers some neurological and hormonal signals which triggers some physiological responses like adrenergic stimulation, increase in noradrenalin, cortisol, growth factor, decrease in insulin and increase in insulin resistance resulting in hyperglycemia during surgery. in this study a comparison is done between general anesthesia which by blocking brain&...

During the last decades, depression has been diagnosed in increasing numbers, accompanied by rising prescription rates of antidepressants. Concomitantly, these pharmaceuticals are frequently detected surface waters. Serotonin and noradrenalin reuptake inhibitors such as venlafaxine form second largest group antidepressants worldwide, is most prescribed antidepressant Germany. As drug targets ev...

     Colocasia esculenta Linn (CE) is traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments such as high blood pressure, rheumatic pain, pulmonary congestion, etc. Hence in present study, the effect of aqueous extract of CE leaves (AECE) was evaluated for antihypertensive and acute diuretic activity in rats. Preliminary phytochemical evaluation revealed the presence of carbohydrate, saponins...

Dipeptidyl peptidase III (DPP III) cleaves dipeptide residues from the N terminus of polypeptides ranging from 3 to 10 amino acids in length and is implicated in pathophysiological processes through the breakdown of certain oligopeptides or their fragments. In this study, we newly identified the biochemical properties of DPP III for angiotensin II (Ang II), which consists of 8 amino acids. DPP ...

Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) catalyses the initial, rate-limiting step in catecholamine biosynthesis and is therefore responsible for replenishing the stocks of adrenalin and noradrenalin in the adrenal medulla which are depleted following release of these hormones into the circulation. TH is activated in vitro and in vivo by phosphorylation and various kinases have been shown to phosphorylate fou...