BACKGROUND Norway is classified as a low prevalence country for hepatitis B virus infection. Vaccination is only recommended for risk groups (intravenous drug users (IDUs), Men who have Sex with Men (MSM), immigrants and contacts of known carriers). We describe the epidemiology of reported cases of hepatitis B in Norway, during the years 1992-2009 in order to assess the validity of current risk...

Carbon neutrality has been widely acknowledged as a challenge to environmental mitigation and global climate change policy. The current study examines the association between collaboration in technologies (CMTs), energy productivity (EP), natural resources rent (NRR), renewable consumption (REC), environmentally related tax (ET) on CO2 emissions for panel dataset of 30 OECD economies from 1990 ...

The exploitation of competent electrocatalysts is a key issue the broad application many promising electrochemical processes, including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen (OER), reduction (ORR), CO2 (CO2RR) and nitrogen (NRR). traditional searches for good rely on trial-and-error approaches, which are typically tedious inefficient. In past decades, some fundamental principles, activity d...

Metal–N2 battery can be applied in both energy storage and electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR); however, there has been only extraordinarily little study on metal–N2 since its reversibility still needs further proofs. And performances also need to enhanced. Herein, we investigated the discharge–charge reactions between Li anode N2 cathode via designing an efficient catalyst of nan...

Method: Etiological, gender, age and laboratory characteristics of chronic viral hepatitis C (СVHC) were studied analyzed. The distribution patients depending on the virus genotype, activity degree severity liver fibrosis found out. Indices non-specific reactivity, endogenous intoxication inflammation in course СVHC, their dependence treatment studied. Correlations between values intoxication, ...

In this chapter, we consider some chi-square-type goodness-of-fit tests for right AQ1 censored samples, viz. the Nikulin–Rao–Robson (NRR) test and generalized Pearson–Fisher (GPF) test. We compare these tests in terms of power in the case of testing composite hypotheses by randomly censored and Type II censored samples. Various grouping methods are considered, including equifrequent grouping, g...

Searching Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, NHS CRD's Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness (DARE) and NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED), MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and the National Research Register (NRR) were searched from 1980 to July 1999 (search terms provided). In addition, the bibliographies of related papers were searched and...

Abstract Seeking food security, contemporary Chinese agriculture has followed a trajectory of overfertilization and associated environmental problems, hence the need for nitrogen-balancing practices that do not compromise yield quality. Here we present national meta-analysis using 224 studies with 1972 comparisons to quantify potential reduce nitrogen (N) fertilization improve outcomes while ma...

The molecular structures of a family of eight aminodifluorophosphines, (PF2)NRR'(R, R' = H, CH3, SiH3, GeH3, PF2), have been redetermined using gas-phase electron diffraction data and high-level ab initio molecular-orbital calculations. The SARACEN method has allowed the application of flexible restraints, giving greater accuracy and precision of structure, while the SHRINK program has allowed ...