We propose a method which should allow to measure the approach towards chemical equilibrium in nuclear collisions. The method is based on the analysis of event– by–event fluctuations. A simple numerical example is considered.

High static magnetic fields and very fast magic-angle spinning (MAS) promise to improve resolution and sensitivity of solid-state NMR experiments. The fast MAS regime has permitted the development of low-power cross-polarization schemes, such as second-order cross-polarization (SOCP), which prevent heat deposition in the sample. Those schemes are however limited in bandwidth, as weak radio-freq...

The first NMR spectra of proteins, obtained in the 1950s and 1960s, focused on the 1H nucleus because of its spin I = 1/2 nature, high natural abundance, and sensitivity.1 – 6 However, because of the small range of chemical shifts (due to folding) and the low spectral resolution available on 60-, 100-, and even 220-MHz instruments, there was relatively little spectral resolution available, and ...

Erdős, Hajnal and Szemerédi proved that any subset $G$ of vertices a shift graph $\text{Sh}_{n}^{k}$ has the property independence number subgraph induced by satisfies $\alpha(\text{Sh}_{n}^{k}[G])\geq \left(\frac{1}{2}-\varepsilon\right)|G|$, where $\varepsilon\to 0$ as $k\to \infty$. In this note we prove for $k=2$ $n \to \infty$ there are graphs $G\subseteq \binom{[n]}{2}$ with $\alpha(\text...

Nuclear magnetic shielding is a second-order molecular electronic property which provides a severe test of the accuracy of molecular quantum mechanical calculations. While electric dipole polarizability and hyperpolarizabilities provide tests of the wavefunction at the outer regions, nuclear shielding is very sensitive, especially to contributions from high angular momentum functions, in the re...

Knowledge of (13)C chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) tensors in nucleotide bases is important for interpretation of NMR relaxation data in terms of local dynamic properties of nucleic acids and for analysis of residual chemical shift anisotropy (RCSA) resulting from weak alignment. CSA tensors for protonated nucleic acid base carbons have been derived from measurements on a uniformly (13)C-enrich...

Oxidation of m- and p-substituted benzylidene fluorenes to antiaromatic dications was attempted by electrochemical and chemical means. Electrochemical oxidation to dications was successful for benzylidene fluorenes with p-methoxy, p-methyl, p-fluoro, and unsubstituted phenyl rings in the 3-position; attempts to oxidize the m-substituted derivatives via electrochemistry were unsuccessful. Chemic...

In this study, B12N12 Nano ring has been selected because it consist of four 6-side rings and polar bonds B-N which in comparison with non-polar bonds C-C, is more suitable for the study of the absorption of other compounds. So reactivity and stability of Benzene alone and in the presence B12N12 nano ring field checked. To determine the non-bonded interaction energies between Benzene and B12N12...