Adequacy of perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is dependent on nutrient delivery and waste removal from the tissue. A recent study showed that over 75% of cardiopulmonary bypass procedures are completed using continuous venous saturation (SvO2) monitoring. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of changing FiO2concentration on SvO2. A total of eight mixed gender 45-kg ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cymbidium mastersii is an epiphytic orchid distributed mainly in Northeast India. Owing to its high commercial value in the floricultural industry, natural populations are under threat from over-exploitation. Mass propagation provides an alternative means of satisfying the demand. Unfortunately, conventional propagation is slow and difficult, suggesting in vitro methods for ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the longitudinal impact of dietary counseling on children's nutrient intake. DESIGN A prospective, randomized, clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS Children were recruited to the study between December 1, 1989, and May 30, 1992. At the age of 7 months, children were randomized to the intervention group (n = 540) or the control group (n = 522) and were followed up until the age...

OBJECTIVES To examine the nutrient intakes, foods consumed, and feeding patterns of infants and toddlers participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). DESIGN Cross-sectional telephone survey, including 24-hour dietary recalls of infants' and toddlers' food and nutrient intakes, as reported by parents or other primary caregivers. SUBJECTS...

There is substantial concern that microbial and nutrient pollution by cattle on public lands degrades water quality, threatening human and ecological health. Given the importance of clean water on multiple-use landscapes, additional research is required to document and examine potential water quality issues across common resource use activities. During the 2011 grazing-recreation season, we con...

Streams alter the concentration of nutrients they transport and thereby influence nutrient loading to estuaries downstream; however, the relationship between in-stream uptake, discharge variability, and subsequent nutrient export is poorly understood. In this study, in-stream N and P uptake were examined in the stream network draining a row-crop agricultural operation in coastal North Carolina....

We report results from a series of studies coevolving players for simple Rock–Paper–Scissors games. These results demonstrate that “Current Individual versus Ancestral Opponent” (CIAO) plots, which have been proposed as a visualization technique for detecting both coevolutionary progress and coevolutionary cycling, suffer from ambiguity with respect to an important but rarely discussed class of...