Obesity has become a major public health problem in the Arab countries, creating a health and economic burden on these countries' government services. There is an urgent need to develop a strategy for prevention and control of obesity. The third Arab Conference on Obesity and Physical Activity was held in Bahrain in January 2010, and proposed the Strategy to Combat Obesity and Promote Physical ...

The Convention on Biological Diversity provides an international framework to ensure conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources. The realization of these objectives is based on the state’s sovereignty over its biological resources and the idea of a fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources. Due to the enormous technical progress in...

A revised model of the preference function is presented incorporating utility maximizing acts of material self-sacrifice. This model incorporates neoclassical and behavioral arguments, allowing for the stylized fact that economic agents are motivated by both material and non-material incentives. Given such a preference function, choice behavior is modeled as a function of relative opportunity c...

Abstract To overcome the challenges of conventional power systems, such as increasing demand, requirements stability and reliability, integration renewable energy sources, concept microgrids was introduced is currently one most important solutions for solving mentioned problems. Generally, have two operating modes, namely grid-connected islanded modes. Based on literature its unique characteris...

One of the objectives of OPEC is the security of demand for the crude oil exports of its members. Achieving this objective is imperative with the projected decline in OECD countries' crude oil demand among other crude oil demand shocks. This paper focuses on determining the external crude oil demand security risks of OPEC member states. In assessing these risks, this study introduces two indexe...

The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of 30 democracies work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisati...

Introduction The last two decades have witnessed a paradigm shift in conservation and natural resource management (NRM) away from costly state-centred control towards approaches in which local people play a much more active role. These reforms purportedly aim to increase resource user participation in NRM decisions and benefits by restructuring the power relations between central state and comm...